参“活句”:曾几诗论核心及其创作体现

Perceive What Is Beyond Language:The Core of Zeng Jis Poetry Theory and its Creative Embodiment

两宋之交的诗歌理论有这样一种发展趋势,即强调以“道”之价值理性规整“技”之工具理性.曾几承继了这种观点,但提出了更为细致的理论主张.一方面,曾几主张参“活句”,提倡揣摩诗人的创作过程,以此来解决创作之能的提升问题;另一方面,曾几提倡诗歌应回归对日常生活的书写.体现在创作中,曾几袭黄庭坚“句法”而变之,多用“硬语”凸显创作主体具有倾向性的精神张力,多用拗体打破平仄固定结构,凸显语言不事雕琢的浑然.此外,曾几多书写日常生活中的细腻感受,以随意吐属的方式突破“少新意”和“波澜尚未阔”的创作局限,其活泼圆融的诗风由此生成.

The poetry theory at the turn of the two Song dynasties developed in the direction of emphasizing the value rationality of"Dao"and standardizing the instrumental rationality of"technology".Zeng Ji inherited this view,but put forward a more detailed theoretical proposition.On the one hand,Zeng ji advocated"perceiving what is beyond language"and advocated guessing the poet's creative process,so as to solve the issue of enhancing creative ability;On.the other hand,he advocated that poetry should return to the writing of daily life.In his writing,on the one hand,in-herited Huang Tingjian's"syntax"and changed it,and used"hard words"to highlight the inclination of the creative subject's spiritual tension,and used the"argot"style to break the fixed structure of the level and oblique tones,high-lighting the language's unadorned naturalness;on the other hand,wrote about the delicate feelings in daily life,and broke through the creative limitations of"less novelty"and"not yet wide"in the way of casual spitting,which is the reason for the generation of Zeng Jis lively and mellow style.