城市轨道交通预约出行仿真

Simulation of Urban Rail Transit Travel Reservation

为研究分析实施轨道交通预约进站机制对乘客出行效率的影响,通过对乘客乘坐轨道交通全过程进行仿真推演,选取北京轨道交通早高峰时段预约进站试点沙河站所在线路——昌平线作为研究对象,通过获取自动售检票(automatic fare collection, AFC)刷卡数据和列车运行方案对其进行实例分析。结果表明,相较于常规排队进站方式,预约进站机制可有效减少乘客的站外排队时间,并且随着预约人数占所有进站乘客数比例的增加,乘客站外等待时间减少效果更加显著;同时可提高相应列车的区间满载率,这是由于将部分在站外等待的乘客调整至其他时段进站,提高了列车资源利用率,在一定程度上分散乘客需求,但前提是部分乘客的出行习惯将被改变。仿真结果可为各大城市轨道交通车站实施更大规模的预约进站机制提供理论支持。

To study and analyze the impact of the implementation of the rail transit reservation mechanism on passenger travel efficiency,this paper simulated and deduced the whole process of passengers riding rail transit,the Changping Line,where the Shahe Station was located in the morning rush hour pilot station of Beijing rail transit,was selected as the research object,and the case analysis was carried out by obtaining the automatic fare collection(AFC)card swipe data and train operation scheme.Results show that compared with the conventional queuing method,the booking mechanism can effectively reduce the queuing time outside the station,and with the increase of the proportion of the number of booking passengers to all passengers,the reduction effect of waiting time outside the station is more significant.At the same time,the full load rate of corresponding trains can be improved.This is because some passengers waiting outside the station can be adjusted to enter the station at other times,which improves the utilization rate of train resources,and scatters passenger demand to a certain extent,but the premise is that some passengers'travel habits will be changed.The simulation results can provide theoretical support for the implementation of larger scale reservation mechanism in metro rail transit stations.