航空起动直流电机过热失效问题研究

Research on Overheat Failure of Aero-Starting DC Motors

直流起动电机作为发动机起动系统动力装置的核心部件,需在发动机假起动、冷运转和点火起动等工况下带动发动机转子至一定转速,且需具备在极端条件下具备多次连续起动的能力。现针对某起动直流电动机在发动机上连续起动出现冒烟的问题,提出了直流起动电机耐高温性能优化设计方法,并开展了仿真及试验验证。通过改善电机电磁参数,并选取性能更加优异的绝缘材料进行电机耐高温性能改善,优化后结果表明,定子绕组铜耗减少了30.4%,励磁绕组电流密度减少了30.9%;试验结果表明转子绕组的温度最高为210℃,温度降低110℃,定子绕组温度最高为154℃,温度降低106℃,满足电机工作最高温度要求。

As the core component of the power unit of engine starting system,the DC starting motor is required to drive the engine rotor to a certain rotational speed under the conditions of engine in false starting,cold running and ignition starting,and it is required to have the ability of continuous starting for many times under extreme conditions.For a smoke problem of DC starting motor in the continuously-started engine,this paper puts forward a optimal design method of DC starting motor,and carries out the simulation and test verification.The resistance high-temperature performance of the motor has been improved through changing the electromagnetic parameters and selecting the insulation materials with better performance,and the optimized results show that the copper loss of stator windings has been reduced by 30.4%,and the current density of excitation windings has been reduced by 30.9%.The experimental results show that the temperature of rotor windings is up to 210℃,which reduces 110℃;the temperature of stator windings is up to 154℃,which reduces 106℃.They satisfy the maximum temperature requirement of the motor in operation.