以评估驱动课后服务高质量发展的美国路径及其启示

American Path and Enlightenment of Driving High-Quality Development of After-School Service with Evaluation

课后服务已在我国中小学阶段全面铺开,更为具体和精准的课后服务评估亟待开展。美国课后服务已有百年历史,依靠家长、课后服务机构和联邦政府的共同推动,逐渐形成了评估立场全面、主体多元、内容多类、方法多样的课后服务评估体系。辩证借鉴美国课后服务评估,则我国课后服务评估目标亟待从“有没有”转向“好不好”,培育权威、专业、专门的评估主体,实施分类评估,凸显课后服务评估的关系思维,坚守多样化迈向数字化的课后服务评估方法,但也要警惕并预防课后服务评估对教育公平的潜在风险。

After-school service has been pervasive in primary and secondary schools in China,but more specific and accurate after-school service evaluation is urgently needed.After-school service in the United States has a history of one hundred years and has formulated an evaluation system with comprehensive evaluation position,multiple subjects,various contents and diverse methods with the joint efforts of parents,after-school service agencies and federal government.Dialectically learning from the evaluation in the United States,it is concluded that after-school service evaluation in China needs to shift focus from availability to quality,cultivate authoritative,professional and specialized evaluation subjects,implement classified evaluation,highlight the relational thinking of evaluation,and stick to the diversified and digital evaluation methods,but we should also be alert to and prevent the potential risks of the evaluation to educational equity.