劳动节的媒介话语实践与意义博弈(1919—1929)

On the Media Discourse Practice and Meaning Competition of Labor Day(1919-1929)

1919—1929年,劳动节在中国兴起并逐步被问题化,成为各方力量实践理念、进行话语动员的场域。本研究聚焦于劳动节的媒介话语实践,分析政治报刊和商业报刊如何生产与争夺节日意义。研究发现:劳动节最初是一场报刊中的文化运动,承载着诸多进步观念,具有动员工人、抵抗北洋军阀的意涵;而后报刊成为多元节日话语表达与协商的舞台,政治报刊中的新观念借助商业报刊的“生意”沟通社会各界,实现社会动员;1927年后,国民党对报刊的管理消解了劳动节的多元话语与社会参与,节日仅具象征意义。

From 1919 to 1929,May Day was gradually became problematic in China,serving as a battleground for various forces to engage in political ideas and discourse mobilization.Therefore,this paper focuses on the media discourse of May Day and analyzes how political and commercial press constructed and interpreted the significance of May Day.Initially,May Day was introduced to China as a cultural movement through the press,which took on the responsibility of spreading the ideas of democracy and republicanism,with the aim of mobilizing workers to resist the Beiyang warlords.Subsequently,the press served as a stage for articulating and negotiating multiple discourses,where the political press communicated with the public through the commercial press,socializing revolutionary ideas.After 1927,the KMT's"official"management of press dispelled the plurality of discourses and communal participation,redefining May Day from"mass movements"to an element of the authoritative systems.