油基钻屑化学清洗工艺技术研究

Study on Chemical Cleaning Technology of Oil-Based Drilling Cuttings

油基钻屑含有多种钻井液处理剂,直接化学法清洗不仅需要大量清洗药剂,而且清洗效率低。采用钻井液基础油对油基钻屑进行预处理,可使振动筛和离心机处理的油基钻屑含油率(质量分数)分别从15.58%、13.05%降至6.57%、6.22%,预处理后的回收油配制钻井液体系与白油对比,二者均未发现聚并现象,且表现出良好的黏度性能,说明预处理后的回收油可以重复利用。在室温25℃、500r·min^(-1)、清洗20min的清洗条件下,未预处理的振动筛油基钻屑需要SDBS/AEO-5复配体系质量分数达到7%才能使含油率降到1%以下,而经过预处理的振动筛油基钻屑利用质量分数3%的SDBS/AEO-5复配体系就可以使含油率降至0.64%,有效说明预处理工艺能大幅降低清洗剂用量,提升清洗效率。另外,利用APG/TO-5复配体系清洗预处理后的离心机和振动筛油基钻屑,复配体系质量分数2%即可使二者含油率均降到1%以下,进一步说明了预处理可能会提升表面活性剂的选择范围,一定程度能够缓解清洗剂普适性差的问题。

As oil-based drilling cuttings contain a variety of drilling fluid treatment agents,direct chemical cleaning method not only requires a large number of cleaning agents,but also has low cleaning efficiency.In this study,the oil content of shale shaker and centrifuge cuttings pretreated with drilling fluid base oil(white oil)decreased from 15.58%and 13.05%to 6.57%and 6.22%,respectively.The comparison between the recovered oil and the white oil prepared drilling fluid system showed that both of them had no coalescence and showed good viscosity performance,indicating that the pretreated recovered oil can be reused.Under the cleaning condition of 25℃,500 r·min^(-1)and cleaning for 20 min,the oil content of the untreated shale shaker cuttings was reduced to below 1%only when the mass fraction of the SDBS/AEO-5 composite system reached 7%,while the oil content of the pretreated shale shaker cuttings was reduced to 0.64%by using the 3%SDBS/AEO-5 composite system,which indicated that the pretreatment process effectively improved the cleaning efficiency and reduced the amount of cleaning agent.In addition,the APG/TO-5 composite system was used to clean the pretreated centrifuge and shale shaker oil-based drilling cuttings.When the mass fraction of the composite system was 2%,the oil contents of both were reduced to less than 1%,which further explained that the pretreatment process can improve the selection range of surfactants,and to some extent,it can alleviate the problem of poor universality of cleaning agents.