分类层叠:中国政府机构改革的解释性概念——基于“结构-历史”的分析框架

Classification Layering:An Explanatory Concept of Chinese Government Institutional Reform——An Analytical Framework based on“Structure-History”

改革开放以来,我国进行了持续的政府机构改革,形成了政府机构改革的中国模式,但相关研究未能厘清中国政府机构改革的独特历程与改革所处结构性环境之间的深刻逻辑关联。基于历史制度主义构建“结构-历史”的分析框架,能够从一个新视角对改革开放以来中国政府的机构改革展开系统研究。改革开放以来中国政府机构改革,从结构维度来看,其处于由宏观环境、中观制度和微观行为构成的独特结构性网络之中;从历史维度来看,其在整体上属于历史制度主义定义的制度层叠,但不同改革领域采取了不同的层叠方式,对整体制度变迁进行分类调适,分别形成“层叠式结构转换”“层叠式职能转变”“层叠式路径依赖”等调适类型。整合政府机构改革的结构性分析和历史性分析揭示二者的深刻逻辑关联,可以凝练出“分类层叠”这一改革开放以来中国政府机构改革的解释性概念。

Since the reform and opening up,China has carried out continuous government institutional reform and formed a Chinese model of the government institutional reform.However,the relevant research has failed to clarify the profound logical relationship between the unique process of the government institutional reform and the structural environment of the government institutional reform.The construction of the analytical framework of“structure-history”based on historical institutionalism can make a systematic study on Chinese government institutional reform since the reform and opening up from a new perspective.From the structural dimension,the Chinese government institutional reform since the reform and opening up is in a unique structural network composed of macro environment,meso system and micro behavior.From the historical dimension,the Chinese government institutional reform since the reform and opening up belongs to the institutional layering of the definition of historical institutionalism as a whole,but different reform fields have adopted different layering ways to classify and adjust the overall institutional changes,forming the adaptation types of“layering structure transformation”,“layering function transformation”and“layering path dependence”respectively.By integrating the structural analysis and historical analysis of the government institutional reform to reveal the profound logical relationship between them,we can refine the concept of“classification layering”,which is the explanatory concept of Chinese government institutional reform since the reform and opening up.