基于GIS的大汶河流域生态敏感性研究

Study on Ecological Sensitivity of Dawenhe River Basin Based on GIS

生态敏感性评价在推进区域经济高质量发展、制定区域生态环境政策和地区城乡规划布局中扮演重要角色。以黄河下游山东省大汶河流域为研究区域,依据气象因素、地形因素和社会经济因素三个层面选取了12项敏感指标因子构建了大文河流域生态敏感评价体系,并利用地理信息技术软件GIS与层次分析法对其进行生态敏感性综合评价。研究表明:大汶河流域气象敏感性主要表现为中高敏感度,地形敏感性主要表现为中低敏感度,社会经济敏感性主要表现为中高敏感度;综合敏感性评价中,大汶河流域极低度敏感区和低敏感区面积为3024.35 km^(2),占全流域面积的27.24%,适宜进行高强度的土地开发;中度敏感区面积为2738.76 km^(2),占全流域面积为24.67%,可适度开发利用土地;极高敏感区和高度敏感区面积为5319.07 km^(2),占全流域面积为47.93%,不适宜对土地进行开发利用。

Ecological sensitivity assessment plays an important role in promoting the high-quality development of regional economy,formulating regional eco-environmental policies and regional urban and rural planning and layout.In this paper,Dawenhe River Basin in Shandong Province,a city in the lower reaches of the Yellow River,is taken as the research area,and 12 sensitive index factors are selected from three levels:meteorological factors,topographic factors and socio-economic factors,and an ecological sensitivity evaluation system is constructed,and the ecological sensitivity is comprehensively evaluated by using GIS and AHP.The research shows that the meteorological sensitivity of Dawenhe River basin is mainly medium-high sensitivity,the topographic sensitivity is mainly medium-low sensitivity,and the socio-economic sensitivity is mainly medium-high sensitivity.In the comprehensive sensitivity evaluation,the extremely low sensitive area and low sensitive area of Dawenhe River Basin are 3024.35 km^(2),accounting for 27.24%of the whole basin area,which is suitable for high-intensity land development.The moderately sensitive area is 2738.76 km^(2),accounting for 24.67%of the total basin area.Appropriate development and utilization of land;The extremely sensitive area and highly sensitive area cover an area of 5319.07 km^(2),accounting for 47.93%of the total basin area,which is not suitable for land development and utilization.