公益项目包干:集体经济发展的路径探索及其实现机制

Undertaking Public Welfare Projects:The Path Exploration and Realization Mechanism of Collective Economic Development

壮大集体经济是实现乡村振兴与共同富裕的重要路径。公益项目包干型集体经济作为一种新型集体经济的实现方式,是由地方政府赋能村社组织承包完成公益项目,村社组织动员和组织农民参与项目实施,从而实现农民和集体经济双增收的集体经济发展路径。这种新型集体经济发展路径通过内外力量的联动,以“政府行政赋能—村社居间统筹—农民组织动员”三重机制的有机衔接,构建了“政府-村社-农民”互惠关系格局,但在实践运行中也显现了集体经济依托项目发展的局限性、村社组织角色的冲突性、农民参与空间面临瓶颈等问题。鉴于此,我国发展集体经济既要外源式支持,又要盘活村集体的自主发展能力,才能发展出多种形式的内外联动型集体经济。

Enhancing the collective economic sector is a pivotal strategy for achieving rural revitalization and communal prosperity.Within the framework of emerging collective economic models,the public welfare project-based collective economy represents an innovative trajectory of development.This model entails local governmental bodies entrusting public welfare projects to village community organizations,which in turn mobilize and coordinate rural inhabitants'participation in the execution of these projects.The outcome is a dual increase in the income of both the farmers and the collective.This developmental pathway for the collective economy is underpinned by an‘inside-outside'dynamic,coupled with a harmonious integration of a tripartite mechanism involving‘governmental administrative empowerment,village community coordination,and farmer organization mobilization.'Such an approach has not only augmented the earnings of collective farmers but has also fostered a symbiotic‘government-village-farmer'relationship paradigm.Nonetheless,this model also reveals certain constraints,such as over-reliance on projects for collective economic growth,a conflict in the roles played by village organizations,and a limitation on the scope for farmer participation.Addressing these challenges necessitates a multifaceted strategy for developing the collective economy in our nation.It is essential not only to provide external support mechanisms but also to invigorate the autonomous development capacities of village collectives.Additionally,it is crucial to cultivate diverse forms of collective economic activities that foster interconnectivity between internal village dynamics and external market opportunities.