2016—2021年巴中市平昌县梅毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis in Pingchangg Country of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021

目的 了解2016—2021年巴中市平昌县梅毒的分布情况及疫情特征,为制定合适有效的防治方针提供依据。方法 从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中导出数据,采用描述流行病学的方法,对2016—2021年巴中市平昌县梅毒疫情进行分析。结果 2016—2021年巴中市平昌县共报告梅毒病例1 763例,年均发病率为36.29/10万;报告发病率由2016年的22.59/10万增长到2021年的39.93/10万(χ^(2)_(趋势)=55.192,P<0.01),年平均增长率为12.07%;各年发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=95.375,P<0.01);发病类型主要是隐性梅毒(89.05%);发病数位于前10的地区分别是江口镇、笔山镇、土兴镇、镇龙镇、驷马镇、白衣镇、云台镇、邱家镇、青云镇和元山镇,共占比50.20%,年均增长幅度最大的是镇龙镇(67.03%);男女梅毒发病率均呈增长趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=14.576、43.492,均P<0.01),但女性发病率的年均增长率高于男性;≥60岁年龄组的梅毒报告发病数在总病例数中的构成比最高(60.58%);职业以农民、家务待业和离休人员为主。结论 2016—2021年巴中市平昌县的梅毒防控形势仍然不容乐观,防治任务艰巨,应加大对重点地区和重点人群的干预力度和宣传教育工作,以有效控制梅毒流行传播。

Objective To understand the distribution and epidemic characteristics of syphilis in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021,so as to provide conference for formulating appropriate and effective prevention and control policies.Methods Data was exported from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the syphilis epidemic in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021.Results A total af 1763 syphilis cases were reported in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021,with an average annual incidence rate of 36.29/100000.The reported incidence rate increased from 22.59/100000 in 2016 to 39.93/100000 in 2021(χ^(2)_(trend)=55.192,P<0.01),with an average annual growth rate of 12.07%.There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence rate of syphilis(χ^(2)=95.375,P<0.01).The main type of syphilis was recessive syphilis(89.05%).The top 10 high-prevalence areas were Jiangkou Town,Bishan Town,Tuxing Town,Zhenlong Town,Chauma Town,Baiyi Town,Yuntai Town,Qiujia Town,Qingyun Town,Yuanshan Town,accounting for 50.20%of the tatal,with Zhenlong Town exhibiting the largest increase average annual growth rate(67.03%).The incidence rates of syphilis in both males and females showed an increasing trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=14.576,43.492,both P<0.01),but the average annual growth rate of females was higher than that in males.The proportion of reported syphilis cases in the age group of≥60 years old was the highest among the total number of cases(60.58%).The occupations of most patients were farmers,unemployed household workers and retirees.Conclusions The situation of syphilis prevention and control in Pingchang County,Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021 is still not optimistic,and the task of prevention and control is arduous.It is necessary to increase intervention efforts and publicity and education work in key areas and populations to effectively control the spread of syphilis.