实习护生身体意象现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of body image among nursing interns

目的 调查实习护生身体意象现状并分析其影响因素,为学校及临床教育者采取干预措施,改善实习护生身体意象提供参考依据。方法 2022年12月—2023年3月,采用便利抽样法,选取浙江省、湖北省、河南省、北京市4所高等院校中处于临床实践期的563名护理实习生进行问卷调查。结果 563名实习护生身体意象总分为(29.53±7.31)分,睡眠质量总分为(6.70±3.12)分。不同体质量指数、是否喜欢护理专业、选择护理专业原因、夜班频率、有无脱发困扰、按时就餐、快餐外卖、运动状态及睡眠质量的实习护生身体意象得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归结果显示,体质量指数、是否喜欢护理专业、夜班频率、有无脱发困扰、运动状态及睡眠质量进入回归方程(均P<0.01),共解释总变异的24.0%。结论 实习护生身体意象处于中等水平,学校及临床教育者应积极开展评估及针对性干预工作,引导护生形成积极的身体意象。

Objective To investigate the status of body image of nursing interns and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for school and clinical educators to take intervention measures to improve the body image of nursing interns.Methods December 2022 to March 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 563 nursing interns in the clinical practice stage of four higher education institutions in Zhejiang Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,and Beijing City for a questionnaire survey.Results The total score of body image and sleep quality among 563 nursing interns was(29.53±7.31)and(6.70±3.12)points.There were statistically significant differences in the body image scores of nursing interns with different body mass index,whether they liked nursing major,reasons for choosing nursing majors,frequency of night shifts,whether they had alopecia disorder,timely dining,fast food and take-out,exercise status,and sleep quality(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression showed that body mass index,whether they liked nursing major,night shift frequency,whether they had alopecia disorder,exercise status and sleep quality entered the regression equation(all P<0.01),explaining 24.0%of the total variation.Conclusion The body image of nursing interns is at moderate level,and school and clinical educators should actively carry out evaluation and targeted interventions to guide nursing interns to form positive body image.