爆炸焊接N6/45#复合板的数值模拟与实验分析

Numerical Simulation and Experiment Analysis of N6/45#Composite Plate Prepared by Explosive Welding

为降低使用成本,充分发挥镍材优异的耐腐蚀性能优势,选用厚度1 mm的纯镍N6作为复板、3 mm厚的中碳钢45#作为基板进行爆炸焊接试验。通过爆炸焊接窗口计算出了各动态参数,采用金相光学显微镜和扫描电镜对界面结合形貌和元素进行分析,通过拉剪试验测试复合板力学性能,并借助AUTODYN模拟了爆炸焊接过程。结果表明,爆炸点附近存在边界效应,沿着爆炸焊接方向结合界面由平直状转变为稳定的波状界面,界面附近元素扩散层厚度为20μm,波状的扩散层增大了结合面积,有利于冶金结合,复合板剪切强度达到325.5 MPa。数值模拟结果表明,界面形貌与试验得到的界面形貌具有一致性。模拟结果表明特征点的速度和塑性变形程度与实验结果基本吻合。

In order to reduce cost and to fully utilize the excellent corrosion resistance of nickel materials,pure nickel N6 with thickness of 1 mm was selected as the flyer plate,and the medium carbon steel 45#with thickness of 3 mm was used as the base plate for explosive welding tests.The dynamic parameters were calculated through the explosive welding window,and the interface bonding morphology and elements were analyzed by metallographic optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.The mechanical properties of the composite plate were tested through shear tests,and the explosive welding process was simulated by AUTODYN.Results indicate that there is a boundary effect near the explosion point,and the bonding interface along the explosion welding direction changes from the flat state to the stable wavy interface.The thickness of the element diffusion layer near the interface is 20μm,and the wavy diffusion layer increases the bonding area,which is conducive to the metallurgical bonding.The shear strength of the composite plate reaches 325.5 MPa.Numerical simulation analysis results demonstrate that the simulated interface morphology is consistent with the experiment results.The simulation results show that the velocity and plastic deformation degree of the characteristic points are basically consistent with the experimental results.