跨学科知识建构:内涵特征、概念模型和实践原则

Interdisciplinary Knowledge Building:Connotation Characteristics,Conceptual Models and Practical Principles

知识建构作为一种高阶认知活动,对学习者创新能力发展具有重要作用。当前,知识建构的应用场景已由单一学科知识习得转化为跨学科知识整合。然而,传统知识建构理论主要应对单一学科知识整合问题,缺少对跨学科场景知识建构的理论探索,难以应对当前跨学科复杂问题解决的新型知识生产方式和教育实践的急切育人诉求。鉴于此,本研究在分析知识建构理论现存问题及挑战的基础上,首先解析跨学科知识建构的内涵特征;并从情境认知理论和社会调节理论等角度出发,构建跨学科知识建构的多层概念模型;同时结合当前教育发展变革诉求,提出跨学科知识建构的四项实践原则,以期为跨学科实践活动提供参考,进而助力跨学科创新人才的培养。

As a kind of higher-order cognitive activity,knowledge building plays an important role in foste-ring learners'innovation capabilities.At present,the application scenario of knowledge building has transformed from single disciplinary knowledge acquisition to interdisciplinary knowledge integration.However,traditional the-ories of knowledge building mainly address the integration of knowledge within a single discipline and lack the-oretical exploration of knowledge creation in interdisciplinary contexts,making it difficult to meet the urgent de-mands of educational practices in solving complex interdisciplinary problems.Based on this,this study analyzes the existing problems and challenges of knowledge building theory and elucidates the characteristics of interdisci-plinary knowledge building.Drawing from theories of situated cognition and social regulation,a multi-tiered con-ceptual model of interdisciplinary knowledge building is proposed,and combined with the current demands for educational development and reform,four practical principles for interdisciplinary knowledge building are pro-posed,with a view to providing a reference for widely concerned interdisciplinary practical activities and facili-tating the cultivation of interdisciplinary innovative talents.