日本如何进行科技创新人才早期培养?——基于超级科学高中计划的实践考察

How Japan Cultivates Science and Technology Innovative Talents at the Early Age:A Practical Examination Based on Super Science High Schools

伴随科技创新人才培养重心前置,高中阶段在科技人才早期培养方面的作用愈发重要。在“科技立国”成为基本国策的背景下,日本政府为改善“理数教育”整体质量、满足科技人才早期培养需求,实施了超级科学高中计划。该计划制定滚动式申报评审规则,明确公平优先、凸显卓越的人才选拔方式,打造了富有前沿性和探究性的个性化课程体系,构建了贯穿全程的科技人才早期培养生态。在取得成效的同时,超级科学高中计划在教育公平和考核指标等方面亦面临舆论压力。考察日本超级科学高中的创新人才早期培养,可为我国提供镜鉴。

With the focus of cultivating scientific and technological innovation talents shifting earlier in the education timeline,the role of high school education in the early development of such talents has become increasingly important.Against the backdrop of"science and technology as the foundation of the nation"becoming a fundamental national policy,the Japanese government has implemented the Super Science High School(SSH)Plan to improve the overall quality of"science and mathematics education"and meet the needs of early scientific and technological talent cultivation.This plan established a rlling application and evaluation system,defined fair and excellence-emphasizing talent selection methods,developed cutting-edge and exploratory personalized curricula,and constructed a comprehensive early cultivation ecosystem for scientific and technological talents.While achieving positive results,the SSH Plan also faces issues in terms of educational equity and assessment indicators.Examining the early cultivation of innovative talents in SSH can provide references and inspiration for China.