天山地区史前房屋墙壁的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of Prehistoric House Walls in the Tianshan Region

天山沿线的史前房址数量丰富,结构各异。本文以这些房屋的墙壁作为研究对象,根据考古发现的堆积与遗迹遗物现象,结合民族学调查,将天山地区史前房址的墙壁分为直立墙体、毡墙、地坑壁三大类,直立墙体又分为单一结构和复合结构两类。文章详细讨论了各类墙壁的结构,复原了构筑过程。最后探讨了墙壁与房屋的建造方式、结构、规模、功能,以及与人类居住形态之间的联系。

There are abundant prehistoric houses with diverse structures along the Tianshan Mountains.This paper focuses on the walls of these houses as the research subject.Based on the archaeological findings of deposits and house features,and combined with ethnological investigations,the walls of prehistoric houses in the Tianshan region can be classified into three major types:upright walls,felt walls,and pit walls.Upright walls are further divided into single and compound structures.Structures of each type of wall are discussed in detail,and their construction processes reconstructed.Finally,based on the summary of the entire text,the paper explores the relationship between walls and house construction methods,structures,scale,and function,as well as their connection with the modes of human living.