山东省临沂市成年居民糖尿病流行现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis on prevalence of diabetes and influencing factors among adult residents in Linyi city,Shandong province

目的 了解山东省临沂市成年居民糖尿病流行现状,并分析其影响因素,为有针对性地制定干预措施提供参考。方法 于2020年采用分层随机抽样方法,在山东省临沂市15个乡镇抽取成年常住人口4 296人,通过问卷调查及身体测量获得调查数据,采用SPSS 21.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,采用多因素logistic回归分析糖尿病相关影响因素。结果 调查人群糖尿病患病率为10.13%(95%CI:9.23%~11.03%),标化率为8.68%,其中男、女患病率分别为11.09%和9.18%,标化率分别为9.27%和7.90%,男性标化率高于女性(χ^(2)=4.368,P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、体质量指数(BMI)分级、中心性肥胖、高血压、血脂异常是糖尿病的影响因素(χ^(2)值分别为4.36、158.64、73.30、11.508、27.56、21.909、125.069、25.887,P<0.05),糖尿病患病率随年龄的增长而升高(χ^(2)=158.64,P<0.01),随文化程度的升高逐渐下降(χ^(2)=12.64,P<0.05),不同婚姻状况居民糖尿病患病率有差异(χ^(2)=11.058,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,同患高血压(OR=1.904,95%CI:1.532~2.367)、同患血脂异常(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.159~1.782)、高年龄(与18~29岁相比,30~39岁OR=1.322,95%CI:0.743~2.352;40~49岁OR=2.295,95%CI:1.367~3.853;50~59岁OR=3.609,95%CI:2.162~6.023;60~69岁OR=4.815,95%CI:2.837~8.171;≥70岁OR=4.803,95%CI:2.701~8.544)是糖尿病患病的危险因素(P<0.05),而高中及以上文化程度(与文盲相比,高中/中专OR=0.826,95%CI:0.544~1.253;大专及以上OR=0.771,95%CI:0.377~0.577)是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 山东省临沂市成年居民的糖尿病患病状况不容乐观,高血压、血脂异常、年龄、文化程度对其患病率有影响。

Objective To understand the prevalence of diabetes and its influencing factors among adult residents in Linyi city,so as to provide reference for the targeted development of interventions.Methods In 2020,a stratified random sampling method was used to select and investigate 4296permanent residents aged 18and above in 15townships in the city.The survey data were obtained through questionnaire survey and physica measurement.SPSS16.0software was used forχ^(2) test.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes.Results The prevalence of diabetes in the survey population was 10.13%(95%CI:9.23%-11.03%),and the standardized rate was 8.68%.Among them,the prevalence of diabetes in males and females was 11.09%and 9.18%,respectively,and the standardized rate was 9.27%and 7.90%,respectively.Males had a higher rate of standardisation than females(χ^(2)=4.368,P<0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that gender,age,education level,marital status,BMI classification,central obesity,hypertension and dyslipidemia were the influencing factors of diabetes(χ^(2)=4.36,158.64,73.30,11.508,27.56,21.909,125.069and 25.887respectively,P<0.05).The prevalence of diabetes increased with age(χ^(2)=158.64,P<0.01).With the increase of education level,the prevalence of diabetes decreased gradually(χ^(2)=12.64,P<0.05).There were differences in the prevalence of diabetes among residents with different marital status(χ^(2)=11.058,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension(OR=1.904,95%CI:1.532-2.367),dyslipidemia(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.159-1.782)and high age(compared with 18-29years old,30-39years old:OR=1.322,95%CI:0.743-2.352;40-49years old:OR=2.295,95%CI:1.367-3.853;50-59years old:OR=3.609,95%CI:2.162-6.023;60-69years old:OR=4.815,95%CI:2.837-8.171;≥70years old:OR=4.803,95%CI:2.701-8.544)were risk factors for dabetes,while high school and above education level(compared with illiterates,high school/technical secondary school OR=0.826,95%CI:0.544-1.253;college and above OR=0.771,95%CI:0.377-0.577)was a protective factor(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes among residents aged 18and above in Linyi city is not optimistic,hypertension,dyslipidemia,age and education level have influencefs16{on the prevalence.