外胚层发育不良重度缺牙青少年种植干预的研究现状

Current research status of implant intervention in adolescents with severe tooth loss due to ectodermal dysplasia

缺牙是青少年口腔颌面部常见的发育畸形。外胚层发育不良(ectodermal dysplasia,ED)是造成青少年重度缺牙的最主要原因。对重度缺牙的青少年进行干预可能有利于患者咀嚼、语言功能的恢复以及颌面部的美观。种植义齿修复相比于传统可摘义齿具有更好的固位和稳定性。本文对ED患者青少年时期种植的可行性进行分析,着重介绍这一类特殊患者种植修复的考量因素以及常见方法;同时对该领域的进一步研究进行展望。

Tooth agenesis is a typical developmental abnormality in the oral and maxillofacial region among teenagers.Ectodermal dysplasia(ED)is the primary cause of severe tooth agenesis in adolescents.Teenagers with severe tooth agenesis benefit from implant intervention for the possibility of regaining masticatory function and speech function,as well as maintaining a pleasing facial appearance.In terms of retention and stability,implant-supported dentures for teenagers outperform conventional removable dentures.This review elaborates on the feasibility of implant placement in teenagers with ED,focusing on the considerations of implant placement and common methods for this special group of patients.Lastly,prospects for further study in this field are highlighted.