含耐磨相的金属材料高温磨损性能的研究进展

Research progress on high-temperature wear properties of metal materials containing wear-resistant phases

随着航空、军工、核工业等领域的不断发展,对在高温环境下工作的机械设备及其零部件提出了更高的要求。高温磨损是机械零部件主要的失效原因,耐磨相对金属材料的高温磨损性能起重要作用。本文综述了国内外含氧化物和碳化物等耐磨相的金属材料高温磨损性能的研究进展,分析了耐磨相在高温磨损中的作用。耐磨相一方面以细化晶粒的方式提高了金属基体的硬度和强度,从而改善耐磨性,另一方面在高温磨损过程中形成的氧化物促进了保护膜的形成,提高了材料的抗氧化性和高温耐磨性。

With the continuous development of aviation,military industry,nuclear industry and other fields,higher requirements have been put forward for the mechanical equipment and its components working in high-temperature environments.High temperature wear is the main cause of failure for mechanical parts,and wear-resistant phases play an important role in the high-temperature wear performance of metal materials.This article reviews the research progress on the high-temperature wear performance of metal materials containing wear-resistant phases such as oxides and carbides at home and abroad,and analyzes the role of wear-resistant phases in high-temperature wear.On the one hand,the wear-resistant phases improve the hardness and strength of the metal matrix by refining the grain size,thereby improving wear resistance.On the other hand,the oxide formed during high-temperature wear promotes the formation of a protective film,improving the material's oxidation resistance and high-temperature wear resistance.