内部控制对企业新质生产力的影响

The impact of internal control on new quality productivity of enterprises

内部控制作为企业重要的治理机制,与企业的经济绩效及环境绩效密切相关。内部控制能够提升企业的经济绩效与环境绩效,为新质生产力的形成与发展提供良好的经济保障和环境保障。基于2011—2022年沪深A股上市企业数据,实证检验内部控制对新质生产力的影响及其作用机制。结果显示,内部控制对新质生产力的提升具有显著的正向促进作用。机制分析结果表明,内部控制能够通过提升企业的经济绩效与环境绩效来提高新质生产力发展水平。异质性分析结果表明,内部控制对促进新质生产力发展的效果在国有企业、大规模企业及制造业企业中表现更为显著。研究结论对内部控制与新质生产力的相关研究起到了增量作用,对推动构建智能经济新形态具有重要的参考价值与启示意义。据此,提出建立健全内部控制体系、规范内部权力运行机制与企业合法经营、提升管理效率和信息透明度、制定差异化的扶持政策等建议。

With the development of the times and the progress of technology,new quality productivity has gradually penetrated into all aspects of enterprises,bringing unprecedented opportunities and challenges to them.Firstly,traditional management models are no longer able to meet the development needs of new productive forces,and managers need to adjust their management ideas and methods in a timely manner.Secondly,the continuous updating and replacement of new productive forces require enterprises to maintain sharp insight and flexible adaptability.Furthermore,the introduction of new quality productivity may lead to some employees feeling uncomfortable with existing work methods,and the speed and scope of technological innovation pose higher requirements for the learning ability of enterprises and employees,as well as the ability to adapt to new technologies.How to effectively respond to the challenges faced in the formation and development of new productive forces is a question that governments and enterprises need to consider.The new productive forces reflect the characteristics of high quality,and high-quality development requires enterprises to ensure their own economic performance without compromising environmental performance.As an important governance mechanism of enterprises,internal control plays a crucial role in enhancing the new quality and productivity of enterprises.It can provide good economic and environmental performance for the formation and development of new productive forces.In terms of economic performance,internal control can timely prevent operational and financial risks that may arise during the operation of the enterprise in advance;it can strengthen the supervision of daily business activities of enterprises during the process,improve the operational efficiency of human and material capital,and enhance the financial performance of enterprises;it can clearly reflect all aspects of the business operation process that arise afterwards,continuously improve one’s own management system,and enhance the economic performance of the enterprise.In terms of environmental performance,internal control is an important institutional guarantee for enterprises to achieve their green development strategy goals.It requires enterprises to establish an effective risk assessment system,monitor violations in environmental,social responsibility,and governance aspects,reduce environmental uncertainty to a state that is in line with the current green development strategy and sustainable development values,and improve the level of enterprise green governance.High quality internal control is beneficial for improving corporate economic performance,enhancing the quality of environmental information disclosure,enhancing corporate green innovation capabilities,promoting corporate social responsibility,and improving corporate governance mechanisms.Under the background of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization and building a Chinese path to modernization of“harmonious coexistence between man and nature”,how to stimulate the economic performance and environmental performance of internal control to improve the new quality productivity of enterprises has become an important way to promote high-quality development of enterprises.Based on this,this article conducts research on A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2022,constructing new quality productivity data using the entropy method,and empirically testing the impact and mechanism of internal control on new quality productivity.The results show that internal control can significantly improve new quality productivity.At the mechanism level,internal control can improve the economic and environmental performance of enterprises to enhance new quality productivity.Heterogeneity results indicate that the effect of internal control on improving new quality productivity is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises,large-scale enterprises,and manufacturing enterprises.The research conclusion has played an incremental role in the research on internal control and new quality productivity,and has important reference value and enlightening significance for promoting the construction of a new form of intelligent economy.Compared with the existing research,this article may have the following three marginal contributions:firstly,the existing research on new quality productivity is mostly qualitative.This article uses the entropy method to construct a measurement index for new quality productivity based on the two factor theory of productivity,quantifying new quality productivity,and it explores the impact of internal control on new quality productivity from the perspective of enterprise internal control.This can enrich the relevant research on the influencing factors of new quality productivity and the economic effects of internal control.Secondly,with the strong uncertainty in the formation and development of new productive forces,it is crucial to provide institutional guarantees for the formation of new productive forces and better promote their development.Starting from the perspective of internal control strategy,this article explores the supporting role of internal control on new quality productivity,as well as the economic foundation and environmental conditions provided in promoting the development of new quality productivity in enterprises.The results show that internal control has a positive promoting effect on new quality productivity,especially from the dual perspectives of economic performance and environmental performance,playing an important role in ensuring the formation and development of new quality productivity in enterprises.Thirdly,based on the perspective of“property rights nature,enterprise size,and industry attributes”,heterogeneity analysis will be conducted to expand the boundary conditions between internal control and new quality productivity,providing incremental contributions to the related research on property rights nature,enterprise size,and industry attributes.