基于塔内位移观测器和均衡空间低维控制器的高塔结构振动主动控制系统

Active control system of high tower based on displacement observer inside tower and low-dimension controller in equilibrium space

高塔结构振动适合也需要主动控制技术,但需要满足位移直接观测和单点控制下的低维高效控制。本文应用现代摄像观测技术,建立了一套从塔内实时连续观测振动位移的方法,为高塔结构振动主动控制提供了最直接的位移观测器,避免了以往只能建立加速度观测器,经滤波后再与假定的外荷载结合计算输出位移的冗长过程。基于均衡系统空间变换和平衡截断法,对顶端设置主动质量块的高塔结构进行降维,可以有效保留结构的主要动力特性。以某施工状态的700 m高塔为例,进行了风振和地震的主动控制仿真分析。结果表明:以少数位移状态作为反馈信号的降维控制器的控制效果和基于全状态反馈的全维控制器基本一致,可以作为高塔结构振动的主动控制策略。

The vibration of high-rise tower structure requires active control.However,the problem of direct displacement observa⁃tion and high-efficient low-dimension control strategy under single point needs to be solved.In this paper,a set of real-time continu⁃ous observation method of displacement from the inside of the tower is established by using modern video metrics technology,which provides the most direct displacement observer for the active control of the high tower.It avoids the tedious calculation pro⁃cess of building an acceleration observer,and then combining with the assumed external load to calculate the displacement after fil⁃tering.By using the equilibrium system space transformation and the equilibrium truncation method,a low-dimension controller is established with AMD at the top of the tower,which can effectively preserve the main dynamic characteristics of the structure.Taking a 700-meter-high tower under construction as an example,the active control simulation analysis under wind-induced vibra⁃tion and earthquake is carried out.The results show that the control effect of the low-dimension controller with a few displacement states as feedback is basically the same as that of the full-dimension controller based on full state feedback,which can be used as an active control strategy for high tower structures.