DNA-有机分子两亲体自组装的研究进展

Research Progress of DNA-Organic Amphiphilic Self-Assembly

DNA-有机杂化两亲体在水溶液中可以自组装成各种形态,调节其自组装形态和大小通常需要改变分子内部结构,或改变组装条件和方法。因此,获得具有单一形态或尺寸变量的聚集体是一个巨大的挑战。近年来,有学者首次提出了一种新的框架引导组装策略,即引导两亲体沿着锚定在框架上的疏水性基团聚集,最终按照预先设计的框架形成具有一定形状和均匀大小的形态。该策略突破了传统组装方法的限制,使制备具有可编程几何形状和尺寸的聚集体成为可能,为构建纳米结构提供了新的思路和方法,并在纳米科学和生物医学方面具有潜在的应用前景。

DNA-organic hybrid amphiphiles can self-assemble into various forms in aqueous solution,and adjusting their self-assembly form and size usually requires changing the internal structure of the molecule,or changing the assembly conditions and methods.Therefore,obtaining aggregates with a single morphological or dimensional variable is a huge challenge.In recent years,some scholars have proposed a new frame-guided assembly strategy,which guides the amphiphiles to aggregate along hydrophobic groups anchored to the frame,and finally forms a certain shape and uniform size according to the pre-designed frame.This strategy breaks through the limitations of traditional assembly methods,makes it possible to prepare aggregates with programmable geometry and size,provides a new idea and method for constructing nanostructures,and has potential application prospects in nanoscience and biomedicine.