参与分配制度的历史经纬及其在个人破产时代的价值定向

The History of Participation in Distribution System and Its Value Position in the Era of Personal Bankruptcy

参与分配制度绝不能被简单地解读为一种技术规则,参与分配具体原则之间,不存在优劣之别,一国立法采取何种分配原则,取决于历史社会环境、公平观念、执行体制等多种因素。我国在强制执行立法过程中,不能忽视本国历史上有过的立法知识、立法经验、立法感情,应继续坚持平等主义传统,切不可遽然转向优先主义的参与分配原则。当然,也要减少平等主义原则与执行效率之间的冲突与矛盾,而提高效率就需要对参与分配制度以及与其相配套的民事诉讼制度、法院人事制度进行相应的变革,包括统一执行法院、坚持概括执行体制、取消查扣冻期限限制以及厘清执行实施权与执行裁判权的关系。

The participation in distribution system can not be simply interpreted as a technical rule,and it is difficult to say that one principle of participation in distribution is better than another.The principle of participation in distribution adopted by a country's legislation depends on various factors,such as the historical and social environment,the concept of fairness,and the enforcement system.In the process of enforcement legislation,we cannot ignore the legislative knowledge,legislative experience,and legislative feelings that our country has had in the past,and we can t suddenly turn to prioritism but adhere to egalitarianism.Of course,it is also necessary to reduce the conflict and contradiction between the principle of egalitarianism and the efficiency of execution,which requires the corresponding reforms of the participation in distribution system,the civil litigation system,and the personnel system of the court,including the unification of the execution court,the adherence to the general execution system,the cancellation of the period limit of seizure and freezing,and the clarification of the relationship between the execution power and the execution judgment power.