新生儿重症监护室住院患儿母亲个人掌控感现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors for personal mastery of mothers of hospitalized neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit:an analytic study

目的探讨新生儿重症监护室(NICU)住院患儿母亲的个人掌控感现状及其影响因素。方法选取NICU住院患儿的母亲390人,使用一般资料调查表、个人掌控感量表(PMS)、母乳喂养自我效能简式量表、领悟社会支持量表、焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对其进行问卷调查。比较不同人口学特征的患儿母亲的PMS得分,分析患儿母亲的PMS得分与母乳喂养自我效能简式量表、领悟社会支持量表、焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表得分的相关性,采用多重线性回归模型分析患儿母亲个人掌控感的影响因素。结果NICU住院患儿母亲的PMS总得分为(26.37±4.63)分,不同职业、居住地、家庭月收入、医保类型、患儿胎龄、患儿出生体重的NICU住院患儿母亲的PMS得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,NICU住院患儿母亲的PMS得分与焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表得分呈负相关,与母乳喂养自我效能简式量表、领悟社会支持量表得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,母乳喂养自我效能、领悟社会支持、焦虑、产后抑郁是NICU住院患儿母亲个人掌控感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论NICU住院患儿母亲的个人掌控感处于中等水平,母乳喂养自我效能、领悟社会支持、焦虑、产后抑郁均会影响患儿母亲的个人掌控感。

Objective To investigate the current status of personal mastery and its influencing factors for mothers of hospitalized neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU).Methods A total of 390 mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU were selected.The general data inventory,Personal Mastery Scale(PMS),Breastfeeding Self⁃Efficacy Scale⁃Short Form,Perceived Social Support Scale,Self⁃Rating Anxiety Scale,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to perform questionnaire investigation on mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU.PMS score were compared between mothers of neonates with different demographic characteristics.The correlation of PMS score in neonates′mothers with Breastfeeding Self⁃Efficacy Scale⁃Short Form,Perceived Social Support Scale,Self⁃Rating Anxiety Scale,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was analyzed.The influencing factors for personal mastery of neonates′mothers were analyzed by employing the multiple linear regression model.Results The total score of PMS of mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU was 26.37±4.63.There was a statistically significant difference in PMS score between mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU with different occupations,residences,monthly household income,medical insurance type,gestational age of neonates,and birth weight of neonates(P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis revealed that PMS score of mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU negatively correlated with Self⁃Rating Anxiety Scale and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,whereas positively correlated with Breastfeeding Self⁃Efficacy Scale⁃Short Form and Perceived Social Support Scale(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis interpreted that breastfeeding self⁃efficacy,perceived social support,anxiety,postpartum depression were the influencing factors for personal mastery of mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU(P<0.05).Conclusion Personal mastery of mothers of hospitalized neonates in NICU is at the medium level,breastfeeding self⁃efficacy,perceived social support,anxiety,and postpartum depression may affect personal mastery in neonates′mothers.