“至尊且亲”:罗雅谷《天主经解》对“天父”的中国化诠释

"Supreme and Adored":The Chinese Interpretation of"Father"in Interpretation on the Lord’s Prayer(Tianzhujing Jie)by Giacomo Rho

中国各大宗教普遍经历了一个长期的中国化历程,留下了丰富的宗教中国化史料。探索建立宗教中国化的史料体系,并对这些丰富的史料进行整理和诠释,既可建立坚持宗教中国化方向的历史自信,又可为中国特色宗教思想体系建设提供理论资源。以17世纪初罗雅谷(1593-1638年)的《天主经解》对“父”的解说为具体个案,分析天主教中国化思想体系建设的具体路径。以“父”言说天主,是天主教本有的思想传统和信仰实践,亦可将儒家传统对“父”的文化阐释引入天主教之内,对建立中国特色的天主教神学思想具有重要启发意义。一方面,人伦秩序、自然情感融于宇宙性的根源意识之中,使人的生命具有终极性意义;另一方面,“天主”为父的终极性超越于现实的“父子”血缘关系之上,甚至构成对人伦秩序的消解力量。

All major religions in China have undergone a lengthy process of adapting to Chinese context,and leaving behind a wealth of historical records.The establishment of a historical materials system for adapting religions to Chinese context and the organization and interpretation of these rich materials can not only reinforce historical confidence in adhering to the direction of adapting religions to the Chinese context,but also provide theoretical resources for the construction of China's distinctive religious thought system.Taking the interpretation of"Father"in the Interpretation on the Lord’s Prayer(Tianzhujing Jie,天主经解)by Giacomo Rho(1593-1638)at the beginning of the 17th century as a specific case,the paper analyses the specific path of the construction of the ideological system of adapting Catholicism to the Chinese context,speaking of God as"Father"is an original Catholic tradition and practice of faith,and the cultural interpretation of"Father"in Confucianism can also be introduced into Catholicism,which is of great significance for the establishment of Catholic theological thought with Chinese characteristics.On the one hand,human order and natural emotions are integrated into cosmic root consciousness,which gives ultimate meaning to human life.On the other hand,the ultimate nature of"God"as father transcends the reality of the"father-son"blood relationship and even constitutes a dissolving force for the human order.