康熙朝多伦会盟礼仪与“大一统”格局

The Etiquette of the Duolun League and the"Grand Unification"Pattern during the Kangxi Reign

康熙三十年(1691年),漠北喀尔喀蒙古土谢图汗等前来归附,康熙皇帝在多伦诺尔举行会盟,通过君臣商议,并参照内蒙古四十九旗做法,确定此次会盟的宴会觐见礼、赐宴、赏赉、封爵、大阅等礼仪活动,实现了将喀尔喀蒙古置于清政府管辖下的政治目标。多伦会盟中礼仪的政治效能和历史影响在于:微观层面上将此次会盟所构建的礼仪制度载入会典,成为常行之法,宏观层面上推动了国家“大一统”格局的发展。

In the thirtieth year of the Kangxi reign(1691),Tushiyetu Ktha and other representatives from the Khalkha Mongols came forward to surrender.Emperor Kangxi convened a meeting in Duolun Nur,during which he engaged in discussions with his ministers and drew upon the practices of Inner Mongolia's 49 Banners to establish the ceremonial protocol for this occasion.This included paying respects to the emperor,hosting feasts,granting rewards,conferring titles,and conducting a military parade.Ultimately,they successfully achieved their political objective of fully integrating the Khalkha Mongols under Qing government jurisdiction.The significance of etiquette in the Duolun League lies not only in itsmicro-level impact as it was codified into Qing Dynasty law and became customary practice among theKhalkhaMongols but also at amacro levelwhere it facilitated the formation and development of a"Grand unification"pattern.