中华优秀传统文化之“见义勇为”的现代民法进路

The Modern civil Law Approach to the"Righteous Courage"of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture

见义勇为是中华优秀传统文化之一,作为道德概念,见义勇为的法律内涵与外延尚未明确,导致司法实践中涉见义勇为案件的制度指向不明,“中国式好人法”无法实现预期价值。作为“土生土长”的本土概念,见义勇为的法律概念与外延必须充分考虑我国法文化基础,见义勇为与域外“好撒玛利亚人法”的内涵与外延存在质的差别,需要结合历史语境和当代语境,解读见义勇为中“义”与“勇”,对见义勇为进行“中国化”“本土化”的制度定位,在《民法典》整体框架下,形成彰显中华优秀传统文化,同时符合当代中国社会需求的见义勇为制度体系。

Righteous Courage is one of the excellent traditional Chinese cultures.As a moral concept,the legal connotation and extension of Righteous Courage are not yet clear,which leads to the unclear system orientation of Righteous Courage cases in judicial practice,and the"Chinese-style Good Person Law"cannot achieve the expected value.As a local concept of"native growth,"the legal concept and extension of"Righteous Courage"must fully consider the basis of Chinese legal culture.There is a qualitative difference between the connotation and extension of"Righteous Courage Law"and"Good Samaritan Law."It is necessary to combine historical context and contemporary context to interpret"righteousness"and"courage"in"Righteous Courage Law,"and to carry out the institutional positioning of"sinicization"and"localization"of"Righteous Courage Law.Under the overall framework of"Civil Code,"a system of"Righteous Courage Law"that highlights the excellent traditional Chinese culture and meets the needs of contemporary Chinese society should be formed.