数据主权下CPTPP安全例外条款适用困境及其纾解

The dilemma of the application of the CPTPP security exception provision under data sovereignty and relief

CPTPP沿用的WTO安全例外条款已难以应对当前大数据时代的挑战。数据主权理论能够有效纾解CPTPP安全例外条款所面临的理论困境。为此,应当肯定争端裁判机构的管辖权,至于自裁决的范围可由专家组自行判断,或是考虑该成员方向WTO递交的相关意见书;从规则层面,应将可能直接威胁国家主权的非传统安全问题纳入到“基本安全利益”的范围,明确列举可适用的情形;从程序方面,应完善安全例外条款的程序要求,以防范安全例外条款的滥用。

The WTO security exception followed by the CPTPP is no longer able to cope with the challenges of the current Big Data era.The theory of data sovereignty can effectively alleviate the theoretical dilemma faced by the CPTPP security exception.In this regard,the jurisdiction of the dispute adjudication body should be affirmed,and the scope of self-adjudication can be judged by the panel itself or by considering the relevant submissions submitted by the member to the WTO;from the rules level,non-traditional security issues that may directly threaten national sovereignty should be included in the scope of the"essential security interests",and the applicable circumstances should be clearly listed;from the procedural aspect,the procedural requirements for security exception should be improved to prevent the abuse of security exception.