超声喷丸对6061铝合金表面性能及拉伸性能影响

Effect of Ultrasonic Shot Peening on Surface Properties and Tensile Properties of 6061 Aluminum Alloy

为研究超声喷丸对6061铝合金表面性能及拉伸性能的影响。采用光学显微镜、三维形貌仪、显微硬度仪、电子拉伸试验机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析不同喷丸时间下6061铝合金试样的微观组织、表面形貌、表面粗糙度、显微硬度、拉伸性能及拉伸断口形貌。喷丸处理后,试样表面发生塑性变形,晶粒得到细化,表面显微硬度由105Hv增加到144.1Hv,硬化层厚度约500μm,表面粗糙度随喷丸时间先增加后减小;相比于未喷丸试样,喷丸处理后试样的拉伸性能有不同程度改善。试验结果表明,超声喷丸处理能有效改善6061铝合金的表面性能和拉伸性能,不同时间的喷丸处理效果存在差异,喷丸时间为180s时,试样拉伸性能较好。

In order to study the effect of ultrasonic shot peening on the surface properties and ten-sile properties of 6061 aluminum alloy.The microstructure,surface morphology,surface roughness,microhardness,tensile properties and tensile fracture morphology of 6061 aluminum alloy samples under different shot peening time were analyzed by optical microscope,three-dimensional topography,micro-hardness,electron tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscope(SEM).After shot pee-ning,plastic deformation occurs on the surface of the sample,the grain is refined,the surface micro-hardness increases from 105 Hv to 144.1 Hv,the thickness of the hardened layer is about 500μm,and the surface roughness increases first and then decreases with the time of shot peening.Compared with the samples without shot peening,the tensile properties of the samples after shot peening are improved in different degrees.The test results show that ultrasonic peening can effectively improve the surface properties and tensile properties of 6061 aluminum alloy,and the effect of different peening time is dif-ferent,and the tensile properties of the sample are better when the peening time is 180s.