渔业生产方式创新视角下我国海洋牧场的概念应用与优化路径

Status and Optimization Paths of the Concept Application of Marine Ranching in China from the Perspective of Innovative Fishery Production Method

海洋牧场作为一种新型的渔业生产方式,已成为我国产业升级和新旧动能转换的重要发展方向,然而实际发展过程中被质疑存在概念应用宽泛化和低质化扩张的问题。论文首先以破解传统渔业生产方式的困境为导向,阐明了海洋牧场应具备的生产模式基本要素,以及相对传统养殖和捕捞的创新特征与差别优势。以此为基础,从渔业生产方式创新的视角揭示了我国当前海洋牧场概念应用的实际,从建设标准的制定到示范区的创建,当前海洋牧场与传统养殖和捕捞确实无明确界限,生产模式未能有效凸显应有的创新特征。最后,从标准规范、管理制度、管护能力、现实需求、效益观念、科技水平等多方面因素深入解析了该问题产生的原因,从统一和完善海洋牧场建设标准、健全配套的支撑保障体系两个维度探讨了解决该问题的优化路径。研究成果可为促进我国渔业生产方式实质性创新和引领海洋牧场高质量发展提供思路。

In present-day China,as a new type offishery production,marine ranching is becoming a crucial path for upgradingfishery and transition to new from old economic engines.However problems of the broad application of concept and low quality expansion have been pointed out during the course of development.Firstly,this paper clarified the production mode of marine ranching,its innovation features and differentiation advantages in order to overcome the drawbacks of traditional farming andfishing.In light of this,the actual meaning of the term“marine ranching”was revealed from the perspective of innovative fishery production as it is broadly used in current China.Marine ranching is not clearly distinguished from traditional farming andfishing in either the construction standards or the establishment of demonstration districts,while its innovative features have not been highlighted.Finally,an analysis of the causes of this problem was carried out considering construction standards,management systems,management effectiveness,practical needs,benefit concepts,and scientific and technological levels.Then several optimization paths to solve this problem were proposed,including unifying and improving the construction standards and improving the matching support system.The research results can hopefully provide ideas for promoting substantial innovation and the high-quality development of marine ranching in China.