固定床渣油加氢反应类型分析及原料对装置温升的影响

REACTION TYPES OF FIXED-BED RESIDUE HYDROTREATING AND INFLUENCE OF RESIDUE CHARACTERISTICS ON TEMPERATURE RISE OF REACTOR

利用4个反应器串联的固定床渣油加氢中型试验装置,开展了渣油加氢中型试验,分析了不同种类加氢催化剂上发生的反应。结果表明:在加氢脱金属催化剂上,主要发生氢解脱硫和加氢脱金属反应,硫原子和(Ni+V)原子的脱除量分别占其脱除总量的67.12%和83.67%;在加氢脱硫降残炭催化剂上,主要发生加氢脱氮、加氢脱硫及芳烃加氢饱和反应,氮原子和硫原子的脱除量分别占其脱除总量的78.57%和32.88%,氢原子增加量占总增加量的66.96%。对比考察固定床渣油加氢工业装置在加工不同特性原料时的反应器温度升高幅度(简称温升),结果发现,与低硫高氮渣油原料相比,高硫低氮渣油原料加氢产物的硫含量和密度下降幅度均更大,催化剂上发生的加氢脱硫及芳烃加氢饱和反应更多,加氢脱金属反应器的温升和各级反应器的总温升均更高。

The pilot-scale experiment of residue hydrogenation was carried out on a fixed-bed reactor with four reactors in series,and the reactions on different type catalysts were analyzed.The results showed that on the hydrodemetallization catalyst,the main reaction was hydrodesulfurization and hydrodemetallization.The removal amount of sulfur and(Ni+V)was for 67.12%and 83.67%of the total amount of removal,respectively.On the catalysts for hydrodesulfurization and carbon reduction,hydrodenitrogenation,hydrodesulphurization and aromatics hydrogenation saturation were the main reactions;the removal amounts of nitrogen and sulfur accounted for 78.57%and 32.88%of the total amount removed,respectively;the increase of hydrogen mass fraction accounted for 66.96%of the total increase.The increasing range of reactor temperature rise of fixed bed residue hydrogenation industrial unit during processing different characteristic feedstock was investigated.The results showed that compared with processing low sulfur and high nitrogen residue,the reduction of sulfur content and density of hydrogenation products of high sulfur and low nitrogen residue was greater,more hydrodesulfurization and aromatics hydrogenation saturation reactions occurred on the catalysts,and the temperature rise of hydrodemetallization reactor and the total temperature rise of all stages of the reactor were higher.