升学与就业并举视角下中职学校综合课程观的构建——学科课程观和职业课程观的比较与启示

The Construction of a Comprehensive Curriculum View for Secondary Vocational Schools from the Perspective of Simultaneous Promotion of Further Education and Employment——Comparison and Enlightenment of Subject Curriculum View and Vocational Curriculum Vie

当前,我国中等职业教育的课程教学呈现出学科课程观与职业课程观分野现象。理论层面,两者在本体论、认识论、价值论、实践论四个维度存在差异;实践层面,两者在课程目标、课程内容、课程实施、课程评价四个维度存在差异。新时代中等职业教育的定位由就业导向转变为就业和升学并举,有鉴于此,中等职业教育的课程观应超越“学科课程观”和“职业课程观”的分野,以马克思关于人的全面发展理论作为科学依据与逻辑起点,综合两者课程观,规避单一课程观带来的局限,重塑中等职业教育课程思维,使中等职业教育课程内容互嵌,推进中等职业教育课程一体化实施。

At present, the curriculum teaching of secondary vocational education in China shows the phenomenon of division between subject curriculum view and vocational curriculum view. At the theoretical level, there are differences between the subject curriculum view and the vocational curriculum view in four dimensions of ontology, epistemology, axiology, and practice theory. At the practical level, the subject curriculum view and the vocational curriculum view differ in curriculum objectives, course contents, and curriculum implementation, there are differences in the four dimensions of course evaluation. Under the development background of the new era,the positioning of secondary vocational education has changed from employment-oriented to emphasizing both employment and further education. In view of this, the curriculum view of secondary vocational education in the new era should transcend the“subject curriculum view”and“vocational curriculum view”, take Marx's theory of comprehensive development of human beings as the scientific basis and logical starting point, integrate the two curriculum views, avoid the limitations caused by a single curriculum view, reshape the curriculum thinking of secondary vocational education, and make the contents of secondary vocational education mutually embedded and promote the integrated implementation of secondary vocational education curriculum.