处理站间含水原油输送参数优化

Parameter Optimization for Water-bearing Crude Oil Transportation Between Treat⁃ment Stations

“分水站+脱水站”是油田广泛应用的采出液处理模式之一,实现多站整体节能,需要对处理站和管道进行整体优化。基于进站温度对脱水和外输能耗的影响建立了含水原油输送热能损耗计算方法,在分水站、脱水站和管道的整个系统中,分析出含水原油处理及输送的能耗,研究了分水站外输原油含水、温度等参数对系统能耗的影响。结果表明:原油含水增加,原油输送热能损耗先增加后降低,油水反相点是热能损耗最大的含水工况;外输温度升高,原油输送热能损耗增加;在低温高含水时,原油输送热能损耗较低;原油含水增加,分水站原油外输压力降、压力能损耗和综合能耗先升高后降低,然后再升高,存在低含水和较高含水两个压力降、压力能损耗和综合能耗极小值,含水率70%时综合能耗最低;分水站低含水原油外输,或者反相点以上的高含水外输,都能达到节能降耗目的。当扩建受到限制或改造成本高时,分水站宜利用地层热能进行不加热油水分离,原油外输含水宜高于反相点含水。

“Water separation station+dehydration station”is one of the widely used for produced liquid treatment modes in oilfields.To realize the overall energy saving of multiple stations,the overall optimization of the treatment stations and pipelines is needed.Based on the influence of crude oil tem-perature entering station on dehydration and transportation energy consumption,the calculation meth-od for heat energy loss of the water-bearing crude oil transportation is established.In the whole system of the water separation station,dehydration station,and pipeline,the energy consumption related to the water-bearing crude oil treatment and transportation is analyzed,and the influence of the water content and transmission temperature of the crude oil in water separation station on the system energy consumption is studied.The results show that as the water content of crude oil increases,the heat ener-gy loss during crude oil transportation first increases and then decreases,and the oil-water reverse phase point is the water-bearing condition with the highest heat energy loss.As the external transportation temperature increases,the heat energy loss of the water-bearing crude oil transportation increases.At low temperatures and with high water content,the heat energy loss of crude oil transportation is rela-tively low.As the water content of crude oil increases,the pressure drop,pressure energy loss,and comprehensive energy consumption of the crude oil transported from the water separation station in-crease first and then decrease,and increase again.There are two minimums of pressure drop,pressure energy loss,and comprehensive energy consumption with low and high water content.The compre-hensive energy consumption is the lowest at 70%water content.The transportation of crude oil from the water separation station with low water content,as well as high water content above the oil-water re-verse phase point,both can achieve the goal of energy saving and consumption reduction.When the expansion is limited or the transformation cost is high,the water separation station should use the for-mation heat energy for unheated oil-water separation,and the water content of crude oil should be higher than that of the oil-water reverse phase point.