高效率高阻抗层叠Blumlein线固态脉冲发生器研究

Blumlein Lines Solid-state Pulse Generator Using High-Efficiency and High-Resistance Stacked

为提高电压效率基于标准同轴电缆研制了1种高阻层叠Blumlein线固态脉冲发生器。首先,采用传输线理论和放电等效电路,分析了耦合传输线对层叠Blumlein线输出电压效率的影响,并利用数值仿真软件对外筒放电型和内筒放电型2种结构的层叠Blumlein线进行了模拟验证。理论与模拟结果表明:耦合传输线阻抗是造成电压效率损失和能量效率下降的主要因素,增大耦合阻抗可提高输出电压幅值和波形质量;内筒放电型结构能够减少耦合传输线的数量,从而提高电压叠加效率;同时,采取螺旋盘绕方式绕制及磁芯隔离的方法可增大耦合阻抗,进一步提高层叠Blumlein线的电压叠加效率。基于内筒放电型结构和磁芯隔离方法,研制了10级层叠Blumlein线脉冲发生器,并对其进行了实验测试。测试结果表明:充电电压为489 V时,输出脉冲电压幅值为4.56 kV,脉冲前沿约为21 ns,脉宽约为75 ns,输出电压效率为93.3%,测试结果有效检验了脉冲叠加效率提高方法的可行性。

Based on the standard coaxial cable,a high-impedance compact stacked Blumlein lines solid-state pulse generator is developed.The theoretical and experimental studies are conducted with the objective of improving the voltage efficiency.The effect of coupled transmission lines on the output voltage efficiency of stacked Blumlein lines is analyzed by using transmission line theory and discharge equivalent circuit,and simulated by using numerical simulation software for two structures of outer-cylinder discharge type and inner-cylinder discharge type.The simulated results show that the impedance of coupled transmission lines are the main factor causing the loss of voltage gain and the decrease of energy efficiency.The increase of coupling impedance can improve the amplitude of the output voltage and the quality of the waveforms.The inner-cylinder discharge type structure can reduce the number of coupled transmission lines,thus improving the voltage superposition efficiency.At the same time,adopting the spiral coiled winding method of winding and core isolation to increase the coupling impedance can further improve the voltage superposition efficiency of stacked Blumlein lines.Based on the inner-cylinder discharge type structure and core isolation method,a ten-stage stacked Blumlein lines pulse generator is developed and experimentally tested.The test results show that with the charging voltage of 489 V,the output waveform is obtained on the resistance of 1 000 Ω,with an output voltage of 4.56 kV,a rising time of 21 ns,a pulse width of 75 ns.The overall system voltage efficiency is up to 93.3%,effectively testing the method of pulse stacking efficiency improvement.