基于核密度和Voronoi多边形的农村居民点空间布局优化

Optimization of Spatial Layout of Rural Settlements Based on Kernel Density and Voronoi Polygon

随着经济社会的快速发展和城镇化的加快推进,大量农村宅基地闲置或低效利用,加之农村居民点布局零散、基础设施配套不全,严重影响土地利用效率和人民生活水平的提升。本文以甘肃省景泰县喜泉镇为研究对象,在景观格局指数分析的基础上,运用核密度和泰森多边形(Voronoi多边形)分析结果叠加确定农村居民点空间优化类型。结果显示,喜泉镇农村居民点空间布局总体呈现集群分布,但空间分布密度不均匀,空间差异明显,划分出城乡融合型、集聚提升型和一般存续型3种优化类型,并提出差别性的优化策略。研究表明,采用核密度和Voronoi多边形叠置分析,划分出的农村居民点布局优化类型符合实际,这一研究成果可成为新时代村庄发展的模式指引,为更好地开展国土空间规划编制、实施农村居民点整治提供了依据和参考。

With the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization,result in a large number of rural homesteads being idle or inefficiently used.In addition,the scattered layout of rural residential area and incomplete infrastructure have seriously affected the improvement of rural land use efficiency,and the improvement of people’s living standards.This paper takes Xiquan Town,Jingtai County,Gansu Province as the research object.On the basis of landscape pattern index analysis,the results of kernel density analysis and Tyson polygon(Voronoi polygon)analysis are superimposed to determine the spatial optimization type of rural settlements.The results show that the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Xiquan Town generally presents a cluster distribution,but the spatial distribution density is uneven,and settlements are significantly different.Therefore,three optimization types are divided into urban-rural integration type,agglomeration promotion type and general survival type and put forward the optimization strategy of regional differences.Studies show that using the Nuclear density and Voronoi polygon overlay analysis,the optimal rural settlements optimizing the spatial layout type is practical and feasible.The results can be used as a model guide for the development of villages in the new era.It provides a scientific basis for better preparation of territorial space planning and implementation of rural settlements improvement.