常见牛呼吸道疾病病因分析与综合防控探讨

Analysis of the Etiology and Discussion on Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Common Bovine Respiratory Diseases

牛呼吸道疾病在养殖场较常见,患病因素多、病理复杂,发病率和死亡率较高,规模暴发会降低牛只生产性能,给养殖场带来巨大经济损失。笔者系统分析规模化养殖场牛呼吸道疾病发生原因、临床症状,发现主要原因分为细菌性呼吸道感染、病毒性呼吸道感染、真菌性呼吸道感染、寄生虫感染、非传染性呼吸道疾病等。深入探讨各类感染病原体如支原体、大肠杆菌、牛呼吸道合胞体病毒、肺弓形虫等,提出强化牛群养殖管理、适时规范疫苗接种、注重早期诊断与隔离、因病制宜,科学落实防控策略,为牛呼吸道疾病防控提供参考。

Bovine respiratory diseases are common in farms,with many pathogenic factors,complex pathology,and high incidence and mortality rates.Outbreaks can significantly reduce cattle productivity and cause significant economic losses to farms.This paper systematically analyzed the causes and clinical symptoms of bovine respiratory diseases in large-scale farms and found that the main reasons were bacterial respiratory infection,viral respiratory infection,fungal respiratory infection,parasitic infection,and non-communicable respiratory diseases.Through in-depth discussions on various infectious pathogens such as Mycoplasma,Escherichia coli,BRSV,pulmonarytoxoplasmosis,etc.,countermeasures such as strengthening cattle breeding management,timely and standardized vaccination,focusing on early diagnosis and isolation,timely symptomatic treatment and drug prevention were proposed,providing references for the prevention and control of bovine respiratory diseases.