小柴胡汤治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎临床效果研究

Clinical effect of Xiaochaihu decoction in treating endometritis of dairy cows

探索小柴胡汤治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的临床效果与作用机理。选取16头子宫内膜炎患牛,随机分为阳性对照组(5头)和治疗组(11头),另选5头临床健康奶牛为阴性对照组。用药前1 d和用药后2 d、4 d、6 d无菌采集各组5头奶牛子宫内容物,同时进行颈静脉采血。对11头中药治疗的患牛进行观察,统计治愈情况;将子宫内容物倍比稀释后分别涂布血平板,以平板菌落计数法测定细菌数,用血细胞计数板测定白细胞数,并染色分型;采用ELISA方法检测血清中IL-1和TNF-α含量;体外观察小柴胡汤对3种主要病原菌的抑菌效果。结果显示,小柴胡汤对奶牛子宫内膜炎治愈率为72.7%,好转率为27.3%,有效率为100.0%;用药6 d时,治疗组奶牛子宫内容物中细菌数量显著低于阳性对照组(P<0.05),白细胞总数、中性粒细胞比例均极显著低于阳性对照组(P<0.01),淋巴细胞比例极显著高于阳性对照组(P<0.01),单核细胞比例显著高于阳性对照组(P<0.05);治疗组奶牛血清中IL-1和TNF-α水平均显著低于阳性对照组(P<0.05);小柴胡汤对溶血性链球菌的抑菌杀菌效果较强,最低抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度分别为113.64 mg/mL和431.82 mg/mL,对大肠杆菌也有一定抑制作用。小柴胡汤可通过抑菌及降低炎性细胞数量和炎性因子水平,从而达到治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的作用。

The objective was to explore the effects and mechanism of Xiaochaihu decoction in the treatment of endometritis in dairy cows.Sixteen dairy cows infected with endometritis were randomly divided into positive group(n=5) and treatment group(n=11),with 5 clinical healthy cows as negative groups.The uterine contents and jugular vein blood were collected aseptic from 5 cows in each group 1 d before and 2 d,4 d,6 d after medication.The observation records were made on 11 cows treated with traditional Chinese medicine,and the statistics of cure were made.The uterine contents were diluted and coated with blood plate,the number of bacteria was determined by plate colony counting method,the number of white blood cells was determined by blood cell counting plate,and the staining type was determined.The levels of IL-1 and TNF-α in serum were detected by ELISA method.Bacteriostatic effect of Xiaochaihu decoction on three main pathogenic bacteria was observed in vitro.The cure rate was 72.7%,the improvement rate was27.3%,and the effective rate was 100.0%.On 6 d,the bacterial count in the uterine contents of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the positive group(P<0.05);the total white blood cell count and the proportion of neutrophils in the uterine contents of the treatment group was extremely significantly lower than that of the positive group(P<0.01);the proportion of lymphocytes in the uterine contents of the treatment group was extremely significantly higher than that of the positive group(P<0.01);the proportion of monocytes in the uterine contents of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the positive group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-1 and TNF-α in the serum of the treatment group were both significantly lower than those of the positive group(P<0.05).Xiaochaihu decoction has a stronger inhibitory and bactericidal effect against Streptococcus hemolyticu,with MIC and MBC of 113.64 mg/mL and 431.82 mg/mL,respectively,and also has a certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli.Xiaochaihu decoction can treat endometritis of dairy cows by bacteriostatic action,reducing inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors.