算法时代用户何以信息偏食:驱动因素、生成过程及纠偏策略

Why Users are Information Monophagism in the Era of Algorithms:Generation Process,Driving Factors and Correction Strategies

文章以网络有关信息偏食的公开语料为数据源,采用归纳式内容分析法和MAXQDA质性分析软件进行编码分析,共识别出848个代码,归纳为驱动因素、群体分布、类型分布、影响结果和纠偏策略五大内容,就此构建和阐述信息偏食的生成过程逻辑。研究发现,信息偏食可分为主动型、被动型、社交型和焦虑型四种类型,且受到主观因素(自身特性、认知偏差、心理状态和选择性接触)和客观因素(算法操纵、信息路径固化和信息资本双重裹挟)的共同影响;具有促进反茧性、推动专业细化和技术具身性反思等正向作用,但负向影响更大,易造成信息孤岛、信息结构失衡,思维固化、同质信息疲劳,群体极化、共情偏离等问题。基于此,提出主体自觉——培育用户多元素养,平台自控——建立逆向推荐工程,法律规范——引导技术算法向善的纠偏策略。

The article takes the public corpus of information monophagism on the Internet as the data source,and uses inductive content analysis and MAXQDA qualitative analysis software to conduct coding analysis,identifying a total of 848 codes,which are categorized into five major components:drivers,group distribution,type distribution,impact results and correction strategies,and in this way,constructing and elaborating on the logic of the process of generating information monophagism.The study found that information monophagism can be classified into four types:active,passive,social and anxiety,and is affected by both subjective factors(self-identity,cognitive bias,psychological state and selective exposure)and objective factors(algorithmic manipulation,solidification of information paths,and double hostage of information capital);it has the positive effects of promoting countercocooning,professional refinement,and technological embodied reflection.However,the negative impact is even greater,and it is easy to cause problems such as information silos,imbalanced information structure,solidified thinking,homogeneous information fatigue,group polarization,and empathetic deviation.Based on this,we put forward the correction strategies of subject self-awareness-cultivating users'diversified literacy,platform self-control-establishing reverse recommendation engineering,and legal regulation-guiding technical algorithms to be good.