乡村债务对农村集体经济脆弱性的影响机制研究——基于中国10个省份623个村的分析

A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Village Debt on the Vulnerability of Rural Collective Economy:Based on 623 Villages in 10 Provinces of China

党的二十大报告提出要发展壮大农村集体经济。乡村债务已成为集体经济运行的沉重包袱,影响集体经济的功能发挥。本文从集体经济的预算约束方程出发,首先构建动态理论分析模型,得到乡村债务对集体经济脆弱性的影响机制,接着使用2021年10个省份623个村的实地调研数据进行实证检验。研究发现,乡村债务对集体经济脆弱性具有显著的正向影响,且主要通过挤压村办企业支出和公共事业支出以及扩大村内其他支出三个方面合力提高集体经济的脆弱性。进一步研究发现,对于北方地区、物质资本和人口规模较低的村庄来说,乡村债务对其集体经济脆弱性的负面影响更明显。

The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes the development and expansion of rural collective economy.Rural debt has become a heavy burden on the operation of rural collective economy,affecting the functioning of rural collective economy.Starting from the budget constraint equation of rural collective economy,this paper first constructs a dynamic theoretical analysis model to get the influence mechanism of rural debt on the vulnerability of rural collective economy,and then uses the field research data of 623 villages in 10 provinces in 2021 to carry out empirical tests.It is found that village debt has a significant positive effect on the vulnerability of rural collective economy,and increases the vulnerability of rural collective economy mainly by squeezing the expenditures of village-run enterprises and public utilities as well as expanding other expenditures within the village.It is further found that the negative impact of village debt on rural collective economic vulnerability is more pronounced for villages in the northern region with lower physical capital and population size.