“木材高效利用结构调控与定向重组机制”国家自然科学基金重大项目结题综述

Overview of the Achievements of Major Program on“Structural Regulation and Directional Restructuring Mechanism for Efficient Utilization of Wood”

国家自然科学基金重大项目“木材高效利用结构调控与定向重组机制”于2019年1月启动,2023年12月结题完成。本文概述了项目历时5年所取得的重要研究进展,包括创新提出了木材弱相结构理论,阐明了速生人工林木材多维弱相结构失效及增强调控机制;提出了木材细胞壁差异化定向软化策略,阐明了次生壁S1/S2层节能解离新机制,深化了木材纤维层面的精准解离与可控功能重组基础认知;揭示了木材主要组分定向转化及其聚集态结构调控机制,引领木质功能新材料在3D打印、手性光学、磷光余辉防伪等领域中的应用发展国际前沿。对未来木材天然结构解译与重组、主要化学组分定向转化、功能化调控机制等木材高效利用基础研究重要发展方向进行了展望,并提出发展建议。

The major program of the National Natural Science Foundation“Structural regulation and directional restructuring mechanism for efficient utilization of wood”was initiated in January 2019 and completed in December 2023.This work summarizes the significant research progress which achieved over the five-year duration of the major project.It includes the theory of weak-phase structures in wood,the failure and enhancement regulation mechanisms of multi-dimensional weak-phase structures of wood in fast-growing plantation timber.Furthermore,the project develops a strategy for directional softening of wood cell walls and a new mechanism for dissociation of the secondary wall St/S,layer,deepening the fundamental understanding of precise dissociation and controllable functional recombination at the level of wood fiber.The article reveals the directional conversion of wood constituents and their aggregated state structures and develops a series of new wood-based functional materials for application in areas such as 3D printing,chiral optics,and phosphorescent anti-counterfeiting.The guidance and suggestions for the efficient utilization of wood are provided,including the interpretation and reconfiguration of natural wood structures,the directional transformation of main wood components,and functional regulation mechanisms.