基于化学计量学分析的不同花期梅花UPLC指纹图谱研究

Study on UPLC fingerprint of Mume flos at different flowering stages based on chemometrics analysis

目的建立不同花期梅花超高效液相色谱(UPLC)指纹图谱, 为梅花药材的质量研究提供参考。方法采用UPLC法建立梅花药材指纹图谱, 并利用高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱(LC-MS)对共有峰进行指认, 以不同花期梅花药材指纹图谱共有峰峰面积为变量, 进行化学计量学分析, 采用峰面积计算法对不同花期梅花中黄酮和酚酸类成分的变化进行半定量分析。结果不同花期梅花药材指纹图谱均标识出31个共有峰, 并指认出9个成分;聚类分析和主成分分析均将不同花期梅花药材分成3类, 其中花蕾期与盛花期、末花期组间差异较大, 而盛花期与末花期组间差异较小。正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)共筛选出16个VIP>1.0的差异性成分。不同花期酚酸类成分含量依次为花蕾期>盛花期>末花期, 而黄酮类成分含量依次为盛花期>末花期>花蕾期。结论该方法操作简便, 方法可靠, 可为不同花期梅花药材的质量评价提供参考。

Objective To establish the ultra high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)fingerprints of Mume flos at different flowering stages;To provide reference for the quality research of Mume flos.Methods The fingerprints of Mume flos were established by UPLC method,and the common peaks were identified by high performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Chemometrics analysis was carried out with the fingerprints'common peak area of plum blossom at different flowering stages as a variable.Semiquantitative analysis of changes in flavonoids and phenolic acids in Mume flos at different flowering stages was conduct using peak area calculation method.Results Totally 31 common peaks were identified in the fingerprints of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages and 9 components were identified.Clustering analysis(HCA)and principal component analysis(PCA)both classified plum blossom medicinal herbs at different flowering stages into three categories.Among them,there were significant differences between the groups at the bud stage,blooming period,and final flowering period,while the differences between the groups at blooming period and final flowering period were relatively small.The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)screened 16 different components with VIP>1.0.The contents of phenolic acids in different flowering stages were as follows:bud stage>blooming period>final flowering period,while the contents of flavonoids were as follows:blooming period>final flowering period>bud stage.Conclusions This method is simple and reliable,and can provide reference for the quality evaluation of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages.