集束化护理在脑卒中吞咽障碍护理中的研究进展

Research progress of cluster nursing in the care of dysphagia after stroke

吞咽障碍是脑卒中常见的慢性致残性并发症之一,可造成误吸、吸入性肺炎甚至死亡等不良临床结局,使患者住院时间延长、死亡风险增加、严重影响患者的生存质量,给患者及其家庭带来沉重的心理压力和经济负担。规范化的集束化护理可以缩短病程、改善症状、提高生活自理能力和生活质量。本文对脑卒中吞咽障碍临床护理存在的问题、集束化护理的应用现状和护理效果进行综述,并从建立脑卒中吞咽障碍集束化护理小组、培养护理人员的循证思维和循证能力、加强集束化护理操作的规范化管理、关注脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的延续性护理等方面对集束化护理的应用提出建议,为进一步在脑卒中吞咽障碍中开展集束化护理提供应用参考。

Dysphagia is one of the common chronic disabling complications of stroke,which can cause adverse clinical outcomes such as aspiration,aspiration pneumonia and even death,prolong the hospitalization of patients,increase the risk of death,seriously affect the quality of life of patients,and bring calm psychological pressure and economic burden to patients and their families.Standardized cluster nursing can shorten the course of disease,improve symptoms,improve self-care ability and quality of life.This article reviews the problems,application status and nursing effects of cluster nursing in clinical nursing of stroke dysphagia,and makes suggestions on the application of bundled nursing,from establish the clustering nursing group of stroke swallowing disorder,cultivate the evidence-based thinking and evidence-based ability of nursing staff,strengthen the standardized management of cluster nursing operation,and pay attention to the continuity of nursing of patients with stroke swallowing disorder,in order to provide a basis for the development and application of cluster nursing in stroke swallowing disorders.