拔尖创新人才学业发展的影响因素及其作用机制——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

The Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Academic Development for Outstanding Innovative Talents Cultivation:An Exploratory Study Based on Grounded Theory

探索研究型大学拔尖创新人才学业发展的影响因素及其作用机制对加快建设教育强国具有重要意义。研究发现,院校制度情境、育人共同体、学生特质、学生的参与性学习活动和自我调节学习行为是影响研究型大学拔尖创新人才学业发展的关键因素。学生特质作为前置驱动要素,奠定了拔尖创新人才学业发展的前提性条件;自我调节学习行为、育人共同体与院校制度情境构成了拔尖创新人才培养的内外情境,既直接影响学业发展,也调节学生特质与学业发展之间的关系强度;学生的参与性学习活动是影响拔尖创新人才学业发展的主要中介机制。建议充分发挥育人共同体主导作用,强化学生的使命感学习、参与性学习和探究式学习,全面提高拔尖创新人才学业发展质量,着力提升研究型大学拔尖创新人才的育人成效。

The report of the 2oth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to adhere to the priority development of education,self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology,and talent-driven development,accelerating the construction of an educationally strong,a technologically strong and a talent-strong country.The urgency and importance of cultivating outstanding innovative talents will become increasingly prominent.Exploring the influencing factors and mechanisms of academic development of outstanding innovative talents in research universities is of great significance for accelerating the construction of an educationally strong country.Currently,Chinese research universities have conducted many forward-looking practical explorations in promoting the academic development of outstanding innovative talents,and related studies have recognized the complexity of the academic development of the talents.However,most discussions on the area are based on scattered perspectives,lacking systematic and comprehensive exploration and interpretation.Based on grounded theory,this study conducted in-depth interviews with relevant students and teachers who met the research conditions regarding the key influencing factors of academic development of outstanding innovative talents.The interviews included 25 students and 5 teachers specializing in student academic development counseling,resulting in approximately 150,000 words of textual data.The study explored the influencing factors and mechanisms of academic development of outstanding innovative talents,aiming to provide empirical evidence for subsequent reforms and optimization of talent cultivation in research universities to promote the academic development of outstanding innovative talents.Through open coding,axial coding,selective coding,and saturation testing,this study formed 119 local concepts,36 initial categories,and 17 subcategories,finally clustered into 5 main categories:institutional context,nurturing community,student traits,and participatory learning activities and self-regulated learning behaviors.By following the three-stage coding based on the grounded theory,this study compared and analyzed the theoretical model proposed by Pasqualini.Following the"input-process-output"logic,adjustments and revisions were made to the above model.In the"input"dimension,this study merged institutional context and nurturing community into external context.Meanwhile,student personality traits,learning abilities,academic cognitive goals,and student family environment were summarized as student traits.Internal context mainly manifested as students'self-regulated learning behaviors.Participatory learning activities of students constituted the"process"dimension of the model.The external environment affects the entire process of outstanding innovative talents'participation in participatory learning activities,effectively stimulating students to generate self-regulated learning behaviors,thereby promoting the quality and effectiveness of students'participatory learning activities.Finally,the"output"dimension is concretized as students'academic development performance.It is recommended to fully leverage the leading role of nurturing communities,strengthen students'sense of mission in learning and participation in participatory and inquiry-based learning,comprehensively improve the quality of academic development of outstanding innovative talents,and focus on enhancing the effectiveness of nurturing outstanding innovative talents in research universities,providing references for promoting research universities to be the top world-class universities.