乡村建筑实践与新工科教育改革深化研究

Research on Rural Architecture Practice and Reform of New Engineering Education

在乡村振兴的背景下,建筑教育需要转向乡村,为乡村建设培养合格的人才。乡村不同于城市,乡村建筑传承了中国传统的营造法式,更加接近建筑的本质,具有原型意义。从乡村建筑的营造特性可以看出其具有天然的新工科建设理念,是新工科建筑教育的理想实践对象,反之,乡村振兴也需要新工科建筑人才。建筑教育转向乡村,首先要向乡村学习,回归建筑的本源,再一次强调建筑教育的能力与素质、实践与过程及以学生为中心的理念;其次对接乡村,探索以乡村为对象或线索的建筑教育改良路径,提出渗透、锚固、拓展、升华四个具体方式。

In the context of rural revitalization,architectural education needs to shift towards rural areas to cultivate qualified architects for rural construction.Unlike urban areas,rural architecture inherits China's traditional construction methods,which are closer to the essence of architecture and have prototype significance.From the construction characteristics of rural architecture,it can be seen that it embodies the natural concept of new engineering disciplines,making it an ideal practice subject for new engineering architectural education.Conversely,rural revitalization also requires architects with new engineering capabilities.To shift architectural education towards rural areas,it is essential to first learn from rural areas,returning to the essence of architecture,and once again emphasizing the concepts of ability and quality,practice and process,and student-centered education.Secondly,it is important to connect with rural areas,exploring improvement methods for architectural education based on rural areas,and proposing four specific approaches:infiltration,anchoring,expansion,and sublimation.