职业性噪声与重金属单独与联合接触致认知功能障碍研究进展

Research progress on cognitive dysfunction induced by occupational noise and combined exposure to heavy metals

职业性噪声和重金属是工作场所常见的职业病危害因素。职业性噪声接触对工人健康的危害,除可导致噪声性听力损失外,也可能导致认知功能障碍。在工作过程中接触铅、锰、镉等常见重金属与工人的认知功能障碍密切相关。噪声与重金属联合接触普遍存在于工作场所中;目前对职业性噪声接触联合铅或锰对工人认知功能影响的研究,存在不全面、不系统,认知功能障碍的测量工具不一致导致缺乏可比性,以及尚不能确定有关职业接触与工人认知功能障碍的因果关系等问题。因此,研究噪声与常见重金属联合接触致认知功能障碍的发生,对工人的职业健康有重要意义。未来需统一认知功能障碍测量工具,开展系统、全面的关于职业性噪声与铅、锰、镉等重金属单独或联合接触对工人认知功能障碍影响、机制和联合作用方式与效应等方面的研究,以保障劳动者职业健康权益。

Exposure to occupational noise and heavy metals are common occupational hazards in workplaces.Occupational noise exposure not only leads to noise-induced hearing loss but also cognitive dysfunction.Exposure to common heavy metals such as lead,manganese,and cadmium during work is closely related to cognitive dysfunction in workers.Combined exposure to noise and heavy metals is common in workplaces.However,current research on the combined effects of exposure to occupational noise with lead or manganese on workers'cognitive function is not comprehensive or systematic.The method for cognitive dysfunction identification varies,leading to a lack of comparability.And the causality between occupational exposure and cognitive dysfunction in workers has not been clarified.Therefore,studying the cognitive dysfunction due to combined exposure to noise and common heavy metals is of great significance for workers'occupational health.In the future,it is necessary to unify the method for cognitive dysfunction identification and conduct systematic and comprehensive research on the effects,mechanisms,and combined effects of exposure to occupational noise with lead,manganese,cadmium,and other heavy metals on workers'cognitive dysfunction,to ensure the occupational health rights and interests of workers.