口腔医学生颞下颌关节紊乱症状及口腔行为调查

Investigation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Symptoms And Oral Behavior in Stomatology Students

目的分析颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)症状及口腔行为在口腔医学本科生中的分布情况,讨论口腔行为与颞下颌关节紊乱的关系。方法2023年4月-5月期间,调查昆明医科大学海源学院646名口腔医学本科学生,采用2014版国际TMD诊断标准的症状自评问卷调查TMD症状,采用口腔行为检查问卷(OBC)调查口腔行为的分布情况。根据是否存在TMD症状分组,讨论口腔行为在有或没有TMD症状的研究对象中的分布差异。结果有57.0%(368/646)的口腔医学本科生在近1月内至少出现过一项TMD症状,男性发生率为52.2%,显著低于女性的61.0%。关节弹响和口颌面部疼痛是发生率最高的TMD症状,发生率分别为43.1%和20.8%。在646名被调查者中,两餐之间进食需要咀嚼的食物(35.29%)、睡眠时下颌骨受压(28.48%)、托腮(19.97%)、持续讲话(18.73%)、将舌放在上下牙之间(17.80%)、不咀嚼时上下牙接触(17.65%)、打哈欠(17.03%)、仅用一侧咀嚼食物(16.56%)是出现较多的口腔行为,其中,餐间进食、睡眠时下颌骨受压、托腮、不咀嚼时上下牙有接触、偏侧咀嚼、打哈欠与TMD症状的出现相关(P=0.00)。结论口腔医学本科生中TMD症状出现率较高,且与口腔行为存在关联。

Objective:To analyze the distribution of symptoms and oral behaviors of temporomandibular disorders(TMD)among stomatological undergraduates,and to discuss the relationship between oral behaviors and TMD.Methods:To analyze the distribution of symptoms and oral behaviors of temporomandibular disorders(TMD)among stomatological undergraduates,and discuss the relationship between oral behaviors and TMD.Results:57.0%(368/646)undergraduates of stomatology had at least one TMD symptom in the last month,and the incidence rate of males was 52.2%,which was significantly lower than that of females(61.0%).Joint snapping and oral and maxillofacial pain are the most common TMD symptoms,with the incidence rates of 43.1%and 20.8%respectively.Among the 646 respondents,eating food that needs to be chewed between meals(35.29%),jaw compression during sleep(28.48%),chin support(19.97%),continuous speech(18.73%),putting tongue between upper and lower teeth(17.80%),and contact between upper and lower teeth when not chewing(17.65%)Among them,eating between meals,mandibular compression during sleep,chin support,contact between upper and lower teeth when not chewing,unilateral chewing and yawning are related to TMD symptoms(P=0.00).Conclusion:The incidence of TMD symptoms among undergraduates in stomatology is high,and it is related to oral behavior.