我国重要入侵螺类肠道菌群的研究进展

Research progress on gut microbiomes of important invasive snails in China

外来生物入侵已成为我国不容忽视的生物安全问题。已入侵我国重要医学螺类包括小管福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺、藁杆双脐螺、尖膀胱螺等。这些螺类可传播曼氏血吸虫或广州管圆线虫等病原体,对我国的公共卫生和民众健康构成严重威胁。近年来,研究人员开始关注肠道菌群与其宿主的相互作用,包括在生理功能、免疫调节和抵御病原体等方面的作用。本文综述了这四种我国重要入侵螺类肠道菌群的组成结构和多样性、塑造因素及与病原传播的关联,也探讨了相关研究所面临的挑战,为后续研发新型、绿色环保的入侵螺类及其传播疾病防控策略提供科学支撑和参考。

The invasion of alien species has emerged as a significant biosafety concern in China. Currently, important medical snails such as Pomacea canaliculate, Achatina fulica, Biomphalaria straminea and Physa acuta have invaded China. These invasive snails show the ability to transmit potential pathogens such as Schistosoma mansoni or Angiostrongylus cantonensis, thereby posing a serious and potential threat to public health and national biosafety. In recent years, researchers have endeavored to explore the interaction between gut microbiomes and their hosts, including their potential roles in physiological functions, immune regulation and defense against pathogens. In this review, we aim to provide a brief overview of the research progress on the composition, diversity, shaping factors, and research challenges of the gut microbiota, as well as its association with transmitting pathogens in important invasive snails in China. We aimed to provide support and reference for the development of new environmentally friendly strategies to control invasive snail species and snail-borne diseases.