基于通行动线分析的航站楼办票大厅眩光评价研究——以广州白云国际机场为例

Glare Evaluation of Check-in Halls in Airport Terminal Buildings Based on Pedestrian Circulation Analysis——A Case Study of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport

本研究针对机场航站楼办票大厅这类具有明确通行动线的空间,提出综合运用通行动线分析法的眩光评价方法,实现眩光测点及视线方向的精确选取,在保证室内天然光采光的同时最大限度控制眩光危害。研究以广州白云国际机场T1、T2航站楼为研究对象,通过综合使用动线分析法、现场实测实验以及主观评价等方法,对2座航站楼内办票大厅的眩光危害进行评价。得出以下结论:通行动线及视线方向对眩光等级的影响较大,可通过调整主要通行动线与天窗、幕墙的位置关系,达到减少眩光的目的;不同天窗宽度对其下方动线上产生眩光影响不同,较窄且均匀布置的带状天窗更有利于减少各个视线方向上的眩光危害,较宽的带状天窗仅适用于与主要视线方向相背的位置;当通行动线距离幕墙较近时,可通过对幕墙形式的优化设计减少眩光危害;此外,空间内观察者视线高度处的垂直照度值可作为协助判断场景内是否具有眩光危害的辅助指标;场景内最大亮度的位置可用于协助判断由太阳直射引起的眩光的具体位置。

This research focused on spaces with clear pedestrian circulations,i.e.,check-in halls in airport terminals,and proposed a comprehensive glare evaluation method by integrating the pedestrian circulation analysis approach to accurately select glare measurement points and viewing directions and maximize the control of glare hazards while maintaining natural indoor lighting.Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport's T1 and T2 terminals were selected as research cases,and the glare hazards in the check-in halls of both terminals were evaluated through a combination of pedestrian circulation analysis,field measurements,and subjective evaluations.The results show that the impact of pedestrian circulations and viewing directions on glare levels is significant,and adjusting the relationship between the primary pedestrian circulations and skylights as well as curtain walls can effectively reduce glare.Different skylight widths have varying effects on the glare hazards produced along pedestrian circulations,and narrow and uniformly distributed strip skylights are more conducive to reducing glare hazards in all directions of view,while wider strip skylights are only suitable for positions with opposite to primary directions.When the pedestrian circulations are close to the curtain walls,optimizing the exterior wall design can reduce glare hazards.In addition,the vertical illuminance value at the observer's viewing height can be used as an auxiliary indicator to identify the presence of glare hazards in the scene.The location with the maximum luminance value in the scene can be used to assist in determining the specific location of glare caused by direct sunlight.