“礼俗互动”概念的学术价值及献疑

Academic Values and Queries about the Concept of “Interaction between Li and Su”

张士闪等人提倡“礼俗互动”概念并加以推广,可以纠正中国民俗学、社会史研究等领域的一些偏颇认识,体现出当代学者在建构中国特色学术话语体系方面的自觉和努力。不过民俗学者所言“礼俗互动”,对“俗”的重要性的强调要远高于“礼”,更多呈现的是“俗”对于“礼”的“自下而上”的作用,而忽视“礼”对于“俗”的“自上而下”的作用。一些民俗学者对礼、俗以及二者关系的界定比较宽泛,缺乏“历史性”;在进行礼俗关系的研究或“礼俗互动”概念的论证时大量套用西方理论和概念,缺乏说服力。作为一个已经有一定影响力的学术概念,“礼俗互动”在民俗学等既有学科论证的基础上,还需要以经学、礼学的眼光来加以检视并丰富其内涵。

Zhang Shishan and other folklorists advocate and promote the concept of “interaction between li and su(礼俗)”,which can correct some biased understandings in the field of Chinese folklore studies and social history research,reflecting the consciousness and efforts of contemporary scholars in constructing an academic discourse system with Chinese characteristics.However,the emphasis placed by folklorists on the concept of “interaction between li and su” is much greater on the importance of “su” than on “li”.Their argument often highlights the “bottom-up” influence of “su” on “li”,while neglecting the “top-down” influence of “li” on “su”.Some folklorists define li,su,and their relationship in a relatively broad way,lacking “historicity”.When studying the relationship between li and su or the concept of “interaction between li and su”,excessive borrowing of Western theories and concepts lacks persuasiveness.As an academic concept that has already had certain influence,“interaction between li and su” needs to be examined and enriched from the perspective of Classics and Ritual Studies,based on the demonstration of existing disciplines such as folklore.