基于结构化健康教育理念的Neuman护理对维持性血液透析患者自护能力、心智觉知度及水钠控制依从性的影响

The impact of Neuman nursing on self-care ability,mental awareness,and compliance with water and sodium control in maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的:探讨基于结构化健康教育理念的Neuman护理对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者自护能力、心智觉知度及水钠控制依从性的影响。方法:选取98例MHD患者为研究对象,根据护理干预方式不同分为研究组和对照组,每组各49例。研究组患者给予基于结构化健康教育理念的Neuman护理干预;对照组患者给予常规护理干预,两组患者干预时间均为12周。比较两组患者干预前后自护能力[自护能力测定量表(ESCA)评分]、心智觉知度[正念觉知注意量表(MAAS)评分]、社会支持[领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)评分]及水钠控制依从性。结果:干预12周后,研究组患者ESCA及MAAS各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);PSSS各维度评分及总分均高于对照组(P<0.05);水钠控制依从率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于结构化健康教育理念的Neuman护理有利于改善MHD患者自护能力,调节心智觉知度,提升社会支持水平与水钠控制依从性。

Objective:To investigate the effects of Neuman nursing based on the concept of“structured health education”on self-care ability,mental awareness,social support level,and compliance with water and sodium control in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods:A prospective selection of 98 patients receiving MHD treatment was conducted.They were divided into a study group(Neuman nursing based on the concept of“structured health education”,n=49)and a control group(conventional care,n=49)based on different nursing intervention methods.Both intervention groups had a duration of 12 weeks,and the levels of self-care ability[exercise of self-care agency(ESCA)],mental awareness[mindful attention awareness scale(MAAS)],social support[perceived social support scale(PSSS)],and water sodium control compliance were compared between the two groups of patients before and after intervention.Results:After 12 weeks of intervention,the scores of all dimensions of the ESCA and MAAS scale in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),the scores of all dimensions and total scores on the PSSS scale in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The compliance rate of water and sodium control in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The Neuman nursing based on the concept of“structured health education”is beneficial for improving the self-care ability of MHD patients,regulating their cognitive awareness,enhancing social support levels,and enhancing compliance with water and sodium control.