癌症相关成纤维细胞在肝细胞癌中的研究进展

Research Progress on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

肝细胞癌是我国高发病率、高死亡率的癌症之一,其早期临床表现常较隐匿,导致多数患者确诊时已进展至癌症中晚期而错失手术治疗机会。目前对于这部分患者,尽管已有系统性抗肿瘤、局部放疗、介入治疗及肝移植等多种手段,甚至通过新辅助治疗可以将部分初始不可切除的肝癌转化为可切除肝癌,但仍有许多患者无法从中获益,因此迫切需要寻找新的治疗靶点。癌症相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)是实体肿瘤微环境的主要成分之一,对癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和治疗抵抗等起重要作用。本综述介绍了CAFs的起源及CAFs对肝细胞癌发生和进展等方面的作用机制,阐述了靶向CAFs的潜在治疗策略。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the cancers with the highest incidence and mortality rates in China and often presents with insidious early clinical manifestations.This frequency results in the majority of patients being diagnosed at middle and advanced stage of the disease,thereby missing the opportunity for potentially curative surgical interventions.For patients who are ineligible for radical surgical resection,a variety of therapeutic approaches,including systemic antitumor therapy,local radiotherapy,interventional treatment,and liver transplantation,have been employed.Moreover,neoadjuvant therapies have transformed a subset of initially unresectable HCC cases into operable ones.Nevertheless,many patients fail to benefit from these treatments,underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic targets.Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),a principal component of the solid tumor microenvironment,play a pivotal role in the proliferation,migration,invasion,and treatment resistance of cancer cells.This review delineates the origins of CAFs and their mechanisms of action in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC and discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting CAFs.